Pengembangan Program Pelatihan Simulasi Manoeuvering the Ship berbasis Full Mission Ship Handling (FMSH) Simulator untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mahasiswa Politeknik Pelayaran

Development of a Training Program on Ship Maneuvering Simulation Using Full Mission Ship Handling (FMSH) Simulator to Improve the Skills of Maritime Polytechnic Students

ABSTRAK

Sulistyono, Nanang Joko. 2025. Pengembangan Program Pelatihan Simulasi Manoeuvering the Ship berbasis Full Mission Ship Handling (FMSH) Simulator untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mahasiswa Politeknik Pelayaran. Disertasi, Program Studi Doktor Pendidikan Vokasi, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (I) Prof. Dr. Suparji, S.Pd., M. Pd dan (II) Dr. Theodorus Wiyanto, M. Pd.

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan pengembangan sarana pembelajaran yang mampu meningkatkan keterampilan praktis calon pelaut sesuai standar kompetensi STCW 1978 Amandemen 2010. Untuk menjawab kebutuhan tersebut, penelitian ini mengembangkan modul praktikum dan exercise scenario manoeuvering the ship berbasis FMSH Simulator dengan pendekatan instruksional yang sistematis dan terstruktur. Tujuan penelitian meliputi perancangan produk, penilaian kelayakan melalui validasi ahli dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), pengujian efektivitas dalam meningkatkan keterampilan mahasiswa, serta analisis respon mahasiswa terhadap produk yang dikembangkan.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang mencakup tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan analisis kebutuhan dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Produk divalidasi oleh tiga ahli dan dikaji melalui FGD bersama tujuh pakar, kemudian diujicobakan pada 24 mahasiswa (skala kecil) dan 48 mahasiswa (skala besar). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi kinerja, angket respon mahasiswa, serta validasi pakar, dengan analisis data menggunakan uji statistik inferensial.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul praktikum dan exercise scenario manoeuvering the ship berbasis FMSH Simulator dinyatakan layak, dengan penilaian ahli materi sebesar 91%, ahli media 92,17%, serta penguatan dari hasil FGD. Uji efektivitas melalui Mann–Whitney Test pada skala kecil (Z = 4,188; p = 0,000) dan skala besar (Z = 5,972; p = 0,000) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan keterampilan manoeuvering the ship antara mahasiswa yang menggunakan modul dan yang tidak menggunakan. Selain itu, respon mahasiswa pada kedua tahap uji coba menunjukkan apresiasi sangat positif, dengan skor rata-rata di atas 95%, menandakan bahwa modul jelas, menarik, relevan, serta efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesiapan mahasiswa pada praktik manoeuvering the ship.

Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul praktikum dan exercise scenario manoeuvering the ship berbasis FMSH Simulator yang dihasilkan bersifat valid, layak, dan efektif sebagai panduan dalam pelaksanaan praktikum mahasiswa di FMSH Simulator.

Kata Kunci:    Manoeuvering the Ship, Full Mission Ship Handling Simulator, Modul Praktikum, Exercise Scenario, Pembelajaran Praktik.

ABSTRACT

Sulistyono, Nanang Joko. 2025. Development of a Training Program on Ship Maneuvering Simulation Using Full Mission Ship Handling (FMSH) Simulator to Improve the Skills of Maritime Polytechnic Students. Dissertation, Doctoral Program in Vocational Education, Graduate School, Universitas Negeri Surabaya Supervisors: (I) Prof. Dr. Suparji, S.Pd., M.Pd. and (II) Dr. Theodorus Wiyanto, M.Pd.

This study is motivated by the need to develop learning facilities capable of enhancing the practical skills of prospective seafarers in accordance with the STCW 1978 as amended in 2010 competency standards. To address this need, the research developed a practicum module and exercise scenarios for maneuvering the ship based on the FMSH Simulator using a systematic and structured instructional approach. The objectives of the study include designing the product, assessing its feasibility through expert validation and Focus Group Discussion (FGD), testing its effectiveness in improving students’ skills, and analyzing student responses to the developed product.

This research employs a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The needs analysis was conducted through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The product was validated by three experts and reviewed through an FGD with seven specialists, followed by trials involving 24 students (small scale) and 48 students (large scale). Data were collected through performance observations, student response questionnaires, and expert validation, and were analyzed using inferential statistical tests.

The results indicate that the practicum module and exercise scenarios for maneuvering the ship based on the FMSH Simulator are deemed feasible, with on average of 91% from material experts and 92.17% from media experts, strengthened by the FGD outcomes. Effectiveness testing using the Mann–Whitney Test on the small-scale trial (Z = 4.188; p = 0.000) and large-scale trial (Z = 5.972; p = 0.000) showed significant differences in maneuvering skills between students who employed the module and those who did not. Moreover, student responses in both trial stages reflected highly positive appreciation, with average scores above 95%, indicating that the module is clear, engaging, relevant, and effective in improving students’ understanding and readiness for maneuvering the ship practice.

Therefore, it can be concluded that the developed practicum module and exercise scenarios for maneuvering the ship based on the FMSH Simulator are valid, feasible, and effective as a guideline for implementation student practicum activities in the FMSH Simulator.

Keywords:   Maneuvering the Ship, Full Mission Ship Handling Simulator, Practicum Module, Exercise Scenario, Practical Learning.