Pengembangan Panduan Intervensi Dini pada Anak Dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme Usia Sekolah Berbantuan Learning Management System (LMS) bagi Orang Tua.

The Development of Early Intervention Guidelines for School Age Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Assisted by the Learning Management System (LMS) for Parents

Learning Management System (LMS) sebagai sarana pengembangan dalam menyampaikan materi kepada orang lain secara online. LMS dipilih sebagai sarana pengembangan panduan intervensi dini anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme usia sekolah bagi orang tua. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kelayakan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan Panduan Intervensi Dini Pada Anak Dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme Usia Sekolah Berbasis Learning Management System (LMS) Bagi Orang Tua. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Reseach and Development (R & D) dengan mengadaptasi model 4D yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga tahapan pengembangan define, design and develop. Produk yang dihasilkan adalah panduan Intervensi Dini pada Anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme Usia Sekolah bagi Orang Tua berbantuan LMS dengan Buku Petunjuk Penggunaan (User Manual). Teknik analisis data menggunakan penghitungan skor rata-rata setiap butir pertanyaan atau aspek. Uji validasi dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan ahli media. Uji validitas oleh ahli materi menyimpulkan bahwa produk memperoleh 88,75% berada pada kategori sangat layak. Sedangkan, uji validitas oleh ahli media memperoleh 97% berada pada kategori sangat layak. Artinya, Learning Management System (LMS) layak digunakan. 

Kemudian, rata-rata hasil uji kepraktisan pada kemudahan panduan intervensi dini pada anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme usia sekolah berbantuan Learning Management System keempat orang tua adalah 91% yang berarti produk praktis dan mudah digunakan di lapangan tanpa revisi. Uji keefektifan menunjukkan dua hal yaitu, 1) rata-rata peningkatan pemahaman orang tua sebanyak 41,67% dan 2) keempat orang tua yang telah mempraktekkan panduan menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi pada anak. Dua anak menunjukkan peningkatan pada kemampuan imitasi, satu anak meningkat dalam hal kepatuhan, dan satu anak meningkat dalam kemampuan bahasa reseptif. Dari hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa panduan Intervensi Dini pada Anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme Usia Sekolah bagi Orang Tua berbantuan LMS praktis dan mudah digunakan sehingga meningkatkan pemahaman orang tua anak autis dalam memberikan Intervensi Dini pada anaknya dan meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme.

 Kata Kunci: intervensi dini, learning management system, google sites, autisme

Learning Management System (LMS) as a development tool for delivering material to others online. LMS was chosen as a means of developing early intervention guidelines for children with school-age autism spectrum disorders for parents. This study aims to describe the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of Early Intervention Guidelines for School Age Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Assisted by the Learning Management System (LMS) for Parents. This research method uses the Research and Development (R & D) approach by adapting the 4D model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. This study uses three stages of development define, design, and develop. The product produced is an Early Intervention Guidelines for School Age Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Assisted by the Learning Management System (LMS) for Parents with a User Manual. The data analysis technique uses calculating the average score for each question item or aspect. The validation test was carried out by material experts and media experts. The validity test by the material expert concluded that the product obtained 88.75% in the very feasible category. Meanwhile, the validity test by media experts obtained 97% in the very feasible category. This means that the Learning Management System (LMS) is feasible to use.

Then, the average practicality test results on the ease of Early Intervention Guidelines for School Age Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders Assisted by the Learning Management System (LMS) for Parents is 91%, which means the product is practical and easy to use in the field without revision. The effectiveness test showed two things, 1) the average increase in parents' understanding was 41.67% and 2) the four parents who had practiced the guide showed that there was an increase in children's communication skills. Two children showed an increase in imitation ability, one child increased in obedience, and one child increased in receptive language skills. From these results, it can be concluded that the Early Intervention Guidelines for School-Age Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Assisted by the Learning Management System (LMS) for Parents is practical and easy to use so that it increases the understanding of parents of autistic children in providing Early Intervention to their children and improves communication skills of children with autism spectrum disorder.

Keywords: early intervention, learning management system, google sites, autism