Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Jambu Mete Terhadap Kadar Asam Urat dan Histopatologi Ginjal Mencit Diabetes
Effect of Cashew Leaf Extract on Uric Acid Levels and Kidney Histopathology of Diabetes Mice
Diabetes mellitus dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya penurunan fungsi ginjal dan komplikasi metabolik ditandai adanya peningkatan kadar asam urat. Kandungan bioaktif daun jambu mete diduga berpotensi menurunkan kadar asam urat dalam tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun jambu mete terhadap kadar asam urat dan histopatologi ginjal mencit diabetes. Mencit dibagi menjadi enam kelompok dengan empat kali pengulangan yaitu kelompok perlakuan ekstrak dengan dosis 4,2; 8,4; dan 12,6 mg/20g BB, glibenklamid dosis 0,0013 mg/20g BB, kontrol positif diinduksi aloksan monohidrat, dan kontrol negatif. Mencit diinduksi larutan aloksan monohidrat dosis 110 mg/kg BB, kadar asam urat diperiksa secara berkala selama 14 hari pengobatan. Preparat histopatologi ginjal dibuat menggunakan pewarna Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE). Data hasil dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan analisis statistik uji Mann-Whitney dengan software IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Hasil analisis data kadar asam urat sebelum induksi (p= 0,0567), pengukuran hari ke-0 pengobatan (p=0,606), hari ke-7 (p=0,836), hari ke-14 (p= 0,152). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis paling efektif dalam perbaikan ginjal adalah 8,4 mg/20g BB, nilai skoring histopatologi ginjal p=0,017 menunjukkan p<0,05. Diperoleh kesimpulan tidak ada pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) pada kadar asam urat antara semua kelompok perlakuan. Terdapat pengaruh signifikan pada histopatologi ginjal.
Diabetes mellitus can cause decreased kidney function and metabolic complications marked by increase uric acid levels. The bioactive content of chasew leaves is presumed to have the potential reducing uric acid levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of cashew leaf extract on uric acid levels and kidney histopathology of diabetes mice. Mice divided into six groups with four repititions: the extract treatment group with a dose of 4.2; 8.4; and 12.6 mg/20g BW, glibenclamide dose of 0.0013 mg/20g BW, positive control induced alloxan monohydrate, and negative control. Mice induced by an alloxan monohydrate solution dose of 110 mg/kg BW, uric acid levels checked periodically for 14 days of treatment. Kidney histopathological preparations made using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) stain. The result data analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney test with the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 software. The result of data analysis of uric acid levels before induction (p=0.0567), measurement of 0th day of treatment (p=0.606), 7th day (p=0.836), 14th day (p=0.152). The result showed most effective dose in kidney repair was 8.4 mg/ 20g BW, the histopathological scoring value of kidneys p=0.017 showed p<0.05. Obtained conclusion there was no effect of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) leaf extract in uric acid levels between all treatment groups. There was a significant effect on the histopathology of the kidney.