Kualitas Perairan Sungai Sadar di Kabupaten Mojokerto Berdasarkan Indeks Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos dan Kadar Logam Berat (Pb)

Quality Of Consius River Waters Based on Macrozoobentos Diversity Index and Heavy Metal Levels (Pb) in Mojokerto Regency

Sungai Sadar adalah salah satu sungai di Kabupaten Mojokerto. Berdasarkan kondisi topografi, di daerah aliran sungai  ini terdapat area industri, perumahan masyarakat, serta pertanian. Limbah industri di area tersebut mengandung logam berat timbal (Pb) yang bersifat toksik, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap  kualitas perairan dan persebaran hewan akuatik seperti Makrozoobentos. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas perairan sungai Sadar berdasarkan parameter fisika dan kimia, jenis-jenis Makrozoobentos, kadar logam berat (Pb) di air, sedimen, makrozoobentos, dan Indeks Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos (H’). Pengukuran kualitas perairan sesuai dengan PP No. 82 Tahun 2001, Identifikasi Makrozoobentos berdasarkan karakter morfologi menggunakan Jurnal Zoo Indonesia dan Buku Zoologi Invertebrata. Pengujian logam (Pb) pada sampel air, sedimen, dan makrozoobentos menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri yang selanjutnya mengacu SNI 7387:2009 tentang kandungan logam berat, Indeks Keanekaragaman ditinjau berdasarkan Indeks Shannon-Winner. Analisis data secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perairan sungai Sadar masih sesuai dengan standar baku mutu menurut PP No. 82 Tahun 2001. Terdapat 7 jenis makrozoobentos yang ditemukan di sungai Sadar yaitu Helix pomatia, Pomaceacanalicuta Lamarck, Melanoides olivier, Potamonautidae, Pilsbryoconcha exilis, Pilla ampullaceae, Filopaludina javanica. Rerata kadar Pb pada air dan sedimen di Sungai Sadar masih sesuai dengan baku mutu sesuai SNI 7387:2009, sedangkan kadar Pb pada makrozoobentos diatas baku mutu sesuai SNI 7387:2009. Adapun Indeks Keanekaragaman Makroozoobentos berdasarkan Shannon-Winner pada stasiun 1,2, dan 3 tergolong sedang (1 ≤ H’≤ 3).

Kata kunci: Kualitas perairan, Sungai Sadar: Indeks Keanekaragaman Makrozoobentos.

Sadar River is one of the rivers in Mojokerto Regency. Based on topographical conditions, this river is located in the plastic factory industrial area, community housing, and agriculture. The plastic industrial in the area contains heavy metal lead (Pb) which is toxic, so that it affects the quality of the waters and the distribution of aquatic animals such as Macrozoobenthos. This study aims to determine the quality of Sadar river waters based on physical and chemical parameters, types of Macrozoobenthos, levels of heavy metal lead (Pb) in water, sediments, macrozoobenthos, and the Macrozoobenthos Diversity Index (H'). Measurement of water quality based on Quality Standards referring to PP RI No. 82 of 2001, Macrozoobenthic Identification using the Journal of Zoo Indonesia and the Invertebrate Zoology Book (2019). Metal testing (Pb) on water, sediment, and macrozoobenthic samples using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method which further refers to SNI 7387: 2009 regarding heavy metal content, the Diversity Index is reviewed based on theShannon-Winner Index. Descriptive quantitative data analysis. The results showed that the quality of Sadar river waters was still in accordance with quality standards according to Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. There were 8 types of macrozoobenthos found in the Sadar river, namely Achatina fulica, Helix pomatia, Pomaceacanalicuta Lamarck, Melanoides olivier, Potamonautidae, Pilsbryoconcha exilis, Pilla ampullaceae. , Filopaludina javanica.  The average Pb content in the water at the three stations was below the quality standard according to SNI 7387: 2009 of 0.03mg / L. The average Pb content in the sediment at the three stations below the quality standard according to SNI 7387: 2009 was 17mg / Kg. The average Pb content in Macrozoobenthos at the three stations was above the quality standard according to SNI 7387: 2009 of 0.03mg / L. The Macroozoobenthic Diversity Index based on the Shannon-Winner at stations 1,2, and 3 is classified as moderate (1 ≤ H'≤ 3).

Key words: Water quality, Sadar River: Macrozoobenthic Diversity Index