PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD BERBASIS PROBLEM SOLVING PADA SUBMATERI PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN KELAS X UNTUK MELATIH KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS

Development of Problem Solving Based E-LKPD in Class X Environmental Pollution Submaterial to Practice Critical Thinking Skills

Pembelajaran Biologi abad 21 menekankan siswa untuk dapat menguasai keterampilan 4C, yakni keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi/kritis, memiliki pola pikir kreatif, berkomunikasi serta mahir memecahkan permasalahan. Kemampuan berpikir kritis dapat difasilitasi dengan menggunakan peristiwa nyata yang ada di lingkungan sekitar peserta didik. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan suatu LKPD yang mengarah pada aktivitas penanganan permasalahan agar anak didik dapat belajar keahlian berpikir kritis serta dapat memperoleh wawasan dan konsep penting. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-LKPD berbasis problem solving guna melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada submateri pencemaran lingkungan yang valid, praktis, serta efektif. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian meliputi validitas e-LKPD berdasarkan komponen penyajian, komponen isi dan komponen kebahasaan, kepraktisan e-LKPD berdasarkan keterlaksanaan kegiatan siswa selama menggunakan E-LKPD, keefektivan e-LKPD berdasarkan hasil keterampilan berpikir kritis serta respon siswa. Hasil belajar berupa keterampilan berpikir kritis dinilai menggunakan lembar pretest dan posttest. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4D (define, design, development, tanpa disseminate). Data diperoleh dengan metode validasi, observasi, tes, dan angket respon. Data dianalisis dengan deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data yaitu pada validitas dianalisis menggunakan skala likert, kepraktisan dengan menghitung rata-rata persentase kemudian diinterpretasikan ke dalam skala likert, dan keefektifan dengan menentukan nilai N-Gain. Hasil belajar keterampilan berpikir kritis serta respon siswa berdasarkan hasil validitas e-LKPD memperoleh skor 95,25% sehingga dinyatakan sangat valid, persentase kepraktisan memperoleh sebesar 93,5% sehingga dinyatakan sangat praktis, dan keefektivan e-LKPD memperoleh ketuntasan hasil pre-test serta post-test sebesar 100%, ketercapaian keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 87,6%, dan presentase respon siswa sebesar 93,6%. Dari pernyataan yang telah dipaparkan, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa e-LKPD yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.

Kata Kunci: e-LKPD, Problem solving, berpikir kritis, pencemaran lingkungan.

Biology learning in the 21st century emphasizes students be able to master the 4C skills, namely high-level/critical thinking skills, have a creative mindset, communicate and be proficient in solving problems. Critical thinking skills can be facilitated by using real events that exist in the environment around students. Therefore we need an LKPD that leads to problem-solving activities so that students can learn critical thinking skills and can gain important insights and concepts. This research aims to produce e-LKPD based on problem-solving to train students' critical thinking skills on valid, practical, and effective environmental pollution sub-materials. The parameters measured in the study include the validity of the e-LKPD based on the presentation component, the content component and linguistic component, the practicality of the e-LKPD based on the implementation of student activities while using the E-LKPD, the effectiveness of the e-LKPD based on the results of critical thinking skills and student responses. Learning outcomes in the form of critical thinking skills were assessed using pretest and posttest sheets. This study uses a 4D development model (define, design, development, without dissemination). Data were obtained by using validation, observation, test, and response questionnaire methods. Data were analyzed by quantitative description. The data analysis technique is that validity is analyzed using a Likert scale, practicality is by calculating the average percentage then interpreted into a Likert scale, and effectiveness by determining the N-Gain value. The results of learning critical thinking skills and student responses based on the results of the validity of the e-LKPD obtained a score of 95.25% so that it was declared very valid, the percentage of practicality was 93.5% so that it was declared very practical, and the effectiveness of the e-LKPD obtained the completeness of the pre-test results and post-test is 100%, critical thinking skill achievement is 87.6%, and student response percentage is 93.6%. From the statements that have been described, it can be concluded that the e-LKPD developed is valid, practical, and effective for use in the learning process.

Keywords: e-LKPD, problem solving, critical thinking, environmental pollution.