ABSTRAK

Tumbuhan Amorphophallus muelleri Blume tumbuh pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Perbedaan tersebut memberikan respons yang berbeda secara morfologi, anatomi, fisiologi, dan biokimia. Tumbuhan ini mengasilkan umbi yang memiliki kadar asam oksalat tinggi. Asam oksalat dapat menyebabkan rasa gatal, iritasi (rasa panas dimulut), dan kristalisasi dalam ginjal (batu ginjal) jika dikonsumsi dalam jumlah besar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui respons anatomi dan kadar asam oksalat tumbuhan A. muelleri Blume pada lingkungan yang berbeda. Pengambilan sampel tumbuhan menggunakan metode purposive sampling yang dilakukan di tiga lokasi yaitu Desa Kowel Kec. Pamekasan-Madura, Desa Sambikerep Kec. Rejoso-Nganjuk, dan Desa panglungan Kec. Wonosalam-Jombang. Respons anatomi dan kadar asam oksalat dianalisis menggunakan uji statistika deskriptif dan hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan anatomi dan kadar asam oksalat menggunakan uji Cannonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara faktor lingkungan meliputi klimaterik dan edafik dengan respons anatomi yaitu kerapatan stomata, ketebalan epidermis, dan ketebalan palisade serta kadar asam oksalat. Desa Kowel memiliki respons anatomi tertinggi yaitu kerapatan stomata sebesar 120,255 mm, ketebalan epidermis 41,5 mm dan ketebalan palisade 113,5 mm, sedangkan Kadar asam oksalat tertinggi ada pada Desa Panglungan yaitu 427,09 ppm. Pada penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan kadar asam oksalat yang rendah maka tumbuhan A. muelleri Blume sebaiknya ditanam pada dataran rendah.

Kata kunci : Lingkungan, kerapatan stomata, ketebalan epidermis, ketebalan palisade, asam oksalat

ABSTRACT

The plant Amorphophallus muelleri Blume grows in different environments. These differences give different responses in morphology, anatomy, physiology and biochemistry. This plant produces tubers that have high levels of oxalic acid. Oxalic acid can cause itchy, irritation (heat in the mouth), and crystallization in the kidneys (kidney stones) if consumed in large quantities. The purpose of this study was to determine the anatomic response and oxalic acid levels of A. muelleri Blume plant in different environments. Plant sampling uses the purposive sampling method which was conducted in three locations, Kowel Village. Pamekasan District. Pamekasan Regency; Sambikerep Village. Rejoso District. Nganjuk Regency, and Panglungan Village. Wonosalam District. Jombang Regency. Anatomic response and oxalic acid levels were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and the relationship between environmental factors with anatomy and oxalic acid levels using the Cannonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) test. The results showed that there was a relationship between environmental factors including climatic and edafic with anatomic responses namely stomata density, epidermal thickness, and palisade thickness and oxalic acid levels. Kowel village has the highest anatomic response, namely stomata density of 120.255 mm, epidermal thickness of 41.5 mm and palisade thickness of 113.5 mm, while the highest oxalic acid content is in Panglungan Village, which is 427.09 ppm. In this study to obtain low levels of oxalic acid A. muelleri Blume should be planted in the lowlands.

Keywords: Environment, stomata density, epidermal thickness, palisade thickness, oxalic acid.