Pengembangan Instrumen Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM) Konteks Saintifik Bidang Fisika Materi Suhu dan Kalor Kelas XI SMA

Development of Minimum Competency Assessment Instrument for Scientific Contex in Physic Related to Temperature and Heat

Program AKM (Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum) menjadi bagian Asesmen Nasional untuk mengukur kompetensi minimum literasi membaca dan numerasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kualitas instrumen AKM, mendeskripsikan kemampuan literasi membaca dan literasi numerasi peserta didik, serta mendeskripsikan respon peserta didik terhadap instrumen AKM yang dikembangkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian adalah 70 peserta didik XI 1 dan XI 2 SMA Negeri 2 Sidoarjo. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, angket, dan instrumen tes AKM. Berdasarkan hasil validitas empiris diperoleh 75% soal kategori valid dan 25% soal kategori tidak valid, serta nilai reliabilitas sebesar 0,701. Kompetensi minimum peserta didik sebagian besar berada pada tingkat dasar sebesar 31,43%. Ketercapaian level kognitif literasi membaca terbesar pada level mengevaluasi dan merefleksi sebesar 78,57% karena informasi dalam stimulus soal membantu menentukan jawaban yang tepat. Ketercapaian level kognitif literasi numerasi tertinggi pada level penerapan (applying) sebesar 37,86% berarti peserta didik dapat menentukan rumus atau strategi setelah membaca informasidalam stimulus soal. Hasil angket respon peserta didik menunjukkan kategori sangat efektif untuk aspek soal dan efektif untuk aspek materi.

Kata kunci : Asesmen Kompetensi Minimum (AKM), Literasi Membaca, Literasi Numerasi, Suhu dan Kalor

The AKM (Minimum Competency Assessment) program is part of the National Assessment to measure minimum competencies in reading literacy and numeracy. This study aims to analyze the quality of the AKM instrument, describe students' reading literacy and numeracy literacy skills, and describe students' responses to the AKM instrument developed. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model. The research subjects were 70 students of XI 1 and XI 2 SMA Negeri 2 Sidoarjo. Data collection through interviews, questionnaires, and AKM test instruments. Based on the results of empirical validity, 75% of the questions were valid and 25% of the questions were invalid, and the reliability value was 0.701. The minimum competence of students is mostly at the basic level of 31.43%. The achievement of the cognitive level of reading literacy was greatest at the level of evaluating and reflecting at 78.57% because the information in the question stimulus helped determine the right answer. The highest numeracy literacy cognitive level achievement at the applying level of 37.86% means that students can determine the formula or strategy after reading the information in the problem stimulus. The results of the learner response questionnaire showed a very effective category for the question aspect and effective for the material aspect.

Keywords : Minimum Competency Assessment, Reading Literacy, Numeracy Literacy, Temperature and Heat