JUDI LEGAL DI KOTA SURABAYA TAHUN 1985-1993 (STUDI HISTORIS PORKAS, KSOB, DAN SDSB)

LEGALIZED GAMBLING IN SURABAYA (1985–1993): A HISTORICAL STUDY OF PORKAS, KSOB, AND SDSB

Permasalahan perjudian di Indonesia, khususnya di Surabaya pada tahun 1985–1993, menjadi sorotan penting dalam sejarah sosial masyarakat. Meskipun perjudian secara umum dilarang oleh hukum, pemerintah Indonesia sempat melegalkan bentuk-bentuk perjudian tertentu seperti Porkas, KSOB, dan SDSB, dengan dalih untuk mendukung pembinaan olahraga serta kegiatan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pelaksanaan perjudian legal di Kota Surabaya selama periode tersebut, serta melihat bagaimana tanggapan masyarakat dan dampaknya secara sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang meliputi tahapan heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Sumber data dikumpulkan dari arsip, koran sezaman, wawancara dengan saksi sejarah, serta literatur pendukung lainnya. Penelusuran data dilakukan secara sistematis untuk mendapatkan gambaran menyeluruh tentang legalisasi perjudian dan implementasinya di Surabaya.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program Porkas, KSOB, dan SDSB sempat mendapat sambutan antusias dari sebagian masyarakat karena dianggap sebagai hiburan sekaligus peluang ekonomi. Namun, muncul pula kritik tajam dari kalangan agamawan, tokoh masyarakat, dan mahasiswa yang memandang kegiatan tersebut sebagai bentuk perjudian terselubung yang merusak moral. Akhirnya, desakan masyarakat menyebabkan dihentikannya SDSB pada tahun 1993.Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman bahwa judi legal yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah tidak selalu diterima secara utuh oleh masyarakat. Pelaksanaan kebijakan yang bertujuan sosial harus mempertimbangkan aspek moral, budaya, serta respon masyarakat secara menyeluruh agar tidak menimbulkan konflik dan dampak negatif jangka panjang.

Kata Kunci : Perjudian, Porkas, SDSB

The problem of gambling in Indonesia, especially in Surabaya during 1985-1993, has become an important highlight in the social history of society. Although gambling is generally prohibited by law, the Indonesian government had legalized certain forms of gambling such as Porkas, KSOB, and SDSB, under the pretext of supporting sports development and social activities. This research aims to reveal the implementation of legalized gambling in Surabaya City during this period, as well as to see how the community responded and its social, economic and cultural impacts.This research uses the historical method which includes the stages of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data sources were collected from archives, contemporaneous newspapers, interviews with historical witnesses, and other supporting literature. Data searches were conducted systematically to obtain a comprehensive picture of the legalization of gambling and its implementation in Surabaya.

The results showed that the Porkas, KSOB, and SDSB programs were enthusiastically received by some people because they were considered entertainment as well as economic opportunities. However, there was also sharp criticism from religious leaders, community leaders, and students who viewed these activities as a form of covert gambling that damaged morals. Finally, public pressure led to the discontinuation of SDSB in 1993. This research provides an understanding that legal gambling carried out by the government is not always fully accepted by the community. The implementation of policies with social objectives must consider the moral, cultural aspects, as well as the overall community response so as not to cause conflict and long-term negative impacts.

Keywords: Gambling, Porkas, SDSB