ABSTRAK

Rinda Puspitasari. 2019. Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Berbasis Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR) Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Kelas IV SD. Tesis. Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (1) Dr. Wiryanto, M. Si, dan (II). Neni Mariana, S. Pd., M. Sc., Ph. D.

Kata-kata Kunci: Pendekatatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR), Berpikir Kreatif, Sekolah Dasar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menguji kualitas perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas IV SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian pengembangan Thiagarajan yang dikenal dengan 4D (define, design, develop, & disseminate) yang diujicobakan di kelas IV SDN Sidotopo I/48 Surabaya tahun 2018/2019 dengan One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis PMR sesuai, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas IV SD. Valid dilihat dari penilaian kedua validator yang menyatakan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran sesuai dan dapat digunakan dengan sedikit revisi. Kedua validator memberikan nilai secara umum 3 pada perangkat yang dikembangkan yaitu silabus, RPP, bahan ajar, LKPD dan tes hasil belajar (tes penguasaan konsep dan tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif). Praktis dilihat dari penilaian pegamat terhadap kemampuan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran dan aktivitas siswa. Observer memberikan skor secara umum 4 ( sangat baik), sedangkan untuk aktivitas siswa, menunjukan perilaku-perilaku positif yang menunjang proses pembelajaran. Efektif dapat dilihat dari tes hasil belajar (tes penguasaan konsep dan tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif) mengalami peningkatan dari hasil pretest dan posttest serta dilihat dari respon positif siswa. Skor N-Gain menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa rata-rata 0,56 kategori sedang.

Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik (PMR)  kualitas yang baik (valid, praktis, dan efektif) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas IV SD, sehingga  perangkat pembelajaran berbasis pendekatan PMR disarankan untuk diterapkan dalam pembelajaran matematika di kelas IV sekolah dasar dan disesuaikan dengan kondisi dan situasi di sekolah.

ABSTRACT

Rinda Puspitasari. 2019. Development of Learning Tools Based on Realistic Mathematics Education Approach (RME) to Improve Creative Thinking Skills in Fourth Grade Elementary Students. Thesis. Primary Education Program, Postgraduate, The State University of Surabaya. Supervisor: (1) Dr. Wiryanto, M. Si, and (II) Neni Mariana, S.Pd., M. Sc., Ph.D.

Keywords: Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Approach, Creative Thinking, Elementary School

This study aims to develop and to check the quality of learning tools based on the Realistic Mathematics Education approach (validity, practicality, and effectiveness) to improve the creative thinking skills of fourth grade elementary school students. This study uses a Thiagarajan development research type known as 4D (define, design, develop, & disseminate) which was tested in fourth grade students of SDN Sidotopo I/48 Surabaya in 2018/2019 with One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Data analysis techniques used were a quantitative descriptive analysis techniques.

The results showed that RME-based learning tools are valid, practical, and effective to improve the creative thinking skills of fourth grade elementary school students. Validity is seen from the second assessment of the valuator which states that learning tools are appropriate and can be used with a part revision. Both valuators gave general scores 3 on the developed tools, syllabus, lesson plans, teaching materials, worksheet and learning achievement tests (concept mastery tests and creative thinking skills tests). Practical is seen from the observer’s assessment of the ability of teachers in managing student learning and activities. Observer gives a general score of 4 (very good), while for student activities, shows positive behaviors that support the learning process. Effective can be seen from the test of learning outcomes (tests of mastery of concepts and tests of creative thinking skills) has increased from the results of the pretest and posttest as well as seen from the positive response of students. The N-Gain score shows an increase in students' creative thinking abilities on average 0.56 in the medium category.

Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the development of learning tools based on a Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach is in good quality (valid, practical, and effective) to enhance the creative thinking skills of fourth grade elementary school students, so that learning tools based on the RME approach are recommended to be applied in learning mathematics in fourth grade elementary school as long as it is adjusted to the conditions and situations in the school.