Analisis Daya Dukung di Kawasan Pulau Lusi Desa Kedungpandan Kecamatan Jabon Kabupaten Sidoarjo Sebagai Destinasi Ekowisata Mangrove
Analysis of Carrying Capacity in the Lusi Island Area Kedungpandan Village Jabon District Sidoarjo Regency as a Mangrove Ecotourism Destination
Pulau Lusi adalah salah satu obyek wisata di Desa Kedungpandan, Kecamatan Jabon, Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang memiliki potensi dikembangkan menjadi destinasi ekowisata mangrove. Peningkatan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan di Pulau Lusi dua tahun terakhir sebesar 13% dapat berpengaruh pada kualitas lingkungan kawasan Pulau Lusi sebagai area ekowisata. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui 1) nilai daya dukung fisik (PCC), 2) nilai daya dukung riil (RCC), dan 3) nilai daya dukung efektif (ECC) di kawasan Pulau Lusi.
Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengunjung di Pulau Lusi. Teknik pengambilan sampel sebanyak 92 responden dilakukan dengan cara accidental sampling. Teknik wawancara digunakan untuk mendapatkan data jam operasional dan karakteristik wisatawan di kawasan Pulau Lusi. Observasi untuk mengumpulkan data karakteristik kawasan, area vegetasi, dan tutupan badan air. Dokumentasi untuk mendapatkan data jumlah pengunjung, jumlah pegawai, dan curah hujan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus yang dikembangkan oleh Cifuentes (1992) untuk mengetahui nilai daya dukung fisik, riil, dan efektif di kawasan Pulau Lusi.
Hasil penelitian menentukan nilai daya dukung fisik (PCC) sebesar 8.978 wisatawan per hari, daya dukung rill (RCC) sebesar 3.347 wisatawan per hari, dan daya dukung efektif (ECC) adalah sebesar 558 wisatawan per hari. Besarnya nilai daya dukung yang ada, kawasan Pulau Lusi masih dapat menerima jumlah wisatawan lebih banyak dengan memperharikan kebutuhan yang ada. Daya dukung fisik sebesar 97% atau 8.678 wisatawan per hari, daya dukung rill sebesar 91% atau 3.047 wisatawan per hari, dan daya dukung efektif dapat ditingkatkan kapasistas manajemennya sebesar 83% agar dapat menerima kunjungan lebih banyak.
Kata Kunci: daya dukung, ekowisata, mangrove.
Lusi Island is one of the tourist destinations in Kedungpandan Village, Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency which has the potential to be developed as a mangrove ecotourism destination. The increase in the number of tourist visits on Lusi Island in the last two years by 13% can affect the environmental quality of the Lusi Island area as an ecotourism area. The purpose of this study is to determine 1) the value of the physical carrying capacity (PCC), 2) the value of the real carrying capacity (RCC), and 3) the value of the effective carrying capacity (ECC) in the tourist area of Lusi Island.
This type of research is descriptive quantitative study. The population in this study are visitors of Lusi Island. The sampling technique of 92 respondents was carried out by accidental sampling. Furthermore,i nterview was done to obtain the data on operating hours and tourist characteristics in the tourist area of Lusi Island. In addition, observations were done to collect the data on the characteristics of tourist areas, vegetation, and water body cover. Documentation to obtain data on the number of visitors, the number of employees, and the amount rainfall. The data analysis technique used a formula developed by Cifuentes (1992) which has been recommended by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to determine the value of physical, real, and effective in the Lusi Island Tourism area.
The results showed that the value of the physical carrying capacity (PCC) of 8,978 tourists per day, the real carrying capacity (RCC) of 3,347 tourists per day, and the effective carrying capacity (ECC) of 558 tourists per day. The large value of the existing carrying capacity, the Lusi Island area can still receive more tourists by taking into account the existing needs. The physical carrying capacity is 97% or 8,678 tourists per day, the real carrying capacity is 91% or 3,047 tourists per day, and the effective carrying capacity can be increased by 83% in its management capacity in order to receive more visits.
Keyword: carrying capacity, ecotourism, mangrove