HUBUNGAN ASUPAN KARBOHIDRAT DAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH TERHADAP VO₂ MAX PADA ATLET NON-ELITE UKM SEPAK BOLA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA

THE CORRELATION OF CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE AND BLOOD GLUCOSE ON VO₂ MAX IN NON-ELITE ATHLETES OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA FOOTBALL CLUB

Atlet sepak bola membutuhkan kebugaran jasmani yang baik untuk dapat meningkatkan performa bermainnya. Salah satu komponen dari kebugaran jasmani adalah daya tahan aerobik atau biasa disebut dengan VO₂ Max. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi VO₂ Max, di antaranya yaitu kadar glukosa darah dan asupan karbohidrat.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan karbohidrat dan kadar glukosa darah terhadap VO₂ Max pada atlet sepak bola non-elite yang berada di UKM sepak bola Universitas Negeri Surabaya.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional dan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan subjek sebanyak 34 atlet UKM Sepak Bola Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Instrumen untuk pengambilan data asupan karbohidrat, kadar glukosa darah, serta tingkat VO₂ Max, masing-masing adalah SQ-FFQ Makanan dan Minuman, Easy Touch GCU meter, serta tes MFT (Multistage Fitness Test). Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Product Moment Pearson dan Partial Correlation.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atlet UKM Sepak Bola Universitas Negeri Surabaya memiliki asupan karbohidrat rata-rata yang tergolong kategori baik (503,69 ± 133,5 gram/hari), kadar glukosa darah rata-rata yang tergolong kategori normal (94,65 ± 18,56 mg/dl), VO₂ Max rata-rata yang tergolong kategori baik (48,74 ± 12,18 ml/kg/menit). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan karbohidrat dan VO₂ Max (p = 0,000 dan r = 0,636), serta terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar glukosa darah dan VO₂ Max (p = 0,000 dan r = 0,670). Selain itu, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan karbohidrat dan VO₂ Max dengan kadar glukosa darah sebagai variabel kontrol (p = 0,000 dan r = 0,634).

Kata kunci: Asupan Karbohidrat, Kadar Glukosa Darah,  VO₂ Max, Atlet Sepak Bola Non-Elite.

Football athletes need good physical fitness to be able to improve their playing performance. One of the components of physical fitness is aerobic endurance, or commonly known as VO₂ Max. There are several factors that can affect VO₂ Max, including blood glucose and carbohydrate intake.

The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation of carbohydrate intake and blood glucose on VO₂ Max in non-elite football athletes who were at the State University of Surabaya Football Club.

The research method was quantitative with a correlational research type and a cross-sectional research design. The research subjects were 34 athletes from the State University of Surabaya Football Club. The instruments for collecting data on carbohydrate intake, blood glucose, and VO₂ Max levels, respectively, were the SQ-FFQ Food and Drink, the Easy Touch GCU meter, and the MFT (Multistage Fitness Test) test. Data analysis in this study was Pearson's Product Moment correlation test and Partial Correlation.

Based on the results of the study, athletes in State University of Surabaya Football Club had an average carbohydrate intake was in the good category (503.69 ± 133.5 gram/day), an average blood glucose was in the normal category (94.65 ± 18.56 mg/dl), an average VO₂ Max was in the good category (48.74 ± 12.18 ml/kg/minute). There was a significant correlation of carbohydrate intake on VO₂ Max (p = 0,000 and r = 0,636), and there was a significant correlation of blood glucose on VO₂ Max (p = 0,000 and r = 0,670). In addition, there was a significant correlation of carbohydrate intake on VO₂ Max, with blood glucose levels as a control variable (p = 0,000 and r = 0,634).

Keywords : Carbohydrate Intake, Blood Glucose,  VO₂ Max, Non-Elite Football Athletes.