Analisis Dampak Revitalisasi Pengembangan Kampung Pecinan Terhadap Kondisi Budaya, Ekonomi, Sosial (Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Bongkaran dan Kelurahan Nyamplungan, Kota Surabaya)

Analysis of the Impact of Revitalization of Chinatown Development on Cultural, Economic, and Social Conditions (Case Study in Bongkaran and Nyamplungan Sub-districts, Surabaya City)

Kota Surabaya merupakan salah satu kawasan memiliki cagar budaya, yang termasuk kawasan Kampung Pecinan Kya – Kya. Kawasan tersebut memiliki histori revitalisasi berkepanjangan sejak tahun 2003, namun terbengkalai karena kerap mengalami kendala sehingga setelah sekian lama pada tahun 2022 telah melewati masa revitalisasi dan mulai beroperasional kembali. Dengan jangka revitalisasi yang cukup panjang tentunya berdampak terhadap masyarakat. Hal tersebut menjadikan tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui dampak revitalisasi pengembangan kampung pecinan kya – kya terhadap kondisi budaya, ekonomi, sosial masyarakat di Kelurahan Bongkaran dan Kelurahan Nyamplungan, Kota Surabaya.

Metode yang digunakan, yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dengan informan sebanyak 54 informan diperoleh dengan teknik purposive berjenis judgment sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan perangkat fisik. Analisis deskriptif kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa adanya revitalisasi membawa perubahan atau dampak bagi masyarakat. 

Hasil penelitian menunjukan pengembangan budaya pecinan setelah revitalisasi berdampak positif terhadap perilaku masyarakat yang mendorong kesadaran dan kepedulian masyarakat melalui kunjungan kelenteng berkaitan dengan peningkatan adat istiadat dan berbagai tradisi diselenggarakan seperti leang leong, barongsai, bian lian, pertunjukan alat musik tradisional, dan wayang potehi. Kondisi ekonomi mengalami peningkatan pendapatan, banyaknya peluang kesempatan kerja, dan pembangunan kawasan lebih diminati masyarakat. Namun, terdapat oknum yang tidak bertanggungjawab melakukan vandalisme setelah revitalisasi. Kondisi sosial terkait struktur sosial baik struktur homogen (peran keluarga) dan struktur heterogen (masyarakat) terlibat dalam setiap kegiatan yang diselenggarakan. Konflik yang kerap terjadi adalah perbedaan pendapat antarindividu dan perbedaan kepentingan. Apabila pada kondisi lingkungan berdampak positif terhadap penambahan fasilitas kebersihan. Penelitian selanjutnya, dapat memberikan penerapan evaluasi pasca – revitalisasi kawasan kya – kya.

Kata Kunci : Revitalisasi, Pengembangan Budaya, Kondisi Ekonomi, Kondisi Sosial

Surabaya City is one of the areas with cultural heritage, including the Kya-Kya Chinatown area. The area has a history of prolonged revitalization since 2003, but was neglected because it often experienced obstacles so that after a long time in 2022 it has passed the revitalization period and started operating again. With a fairly long revitalization period, it certainly has an impact on the community. This makes the purpose of the study to determine the impact of the revitalization of the development of the Kya-Kya Chinatown on the cultural, economic, and social conditions of the community in Bongkaran Village and Nyamplungan Village, Surabaya City.

The method used is descriptive qualitative with 54 informants obtained using purposive judgment sampling techniques. Data collection techniques using interviews, observations, documentation, and physical devices. Qualitative descriptive analysis shows that revitalization brings changes or impacts to the community.

The results of the study showed that the development of Chinatown culture after revitalization had a positive impact on community behavior that encouraged community awareness and concern through visits to temples related to improving customs and various traditions held such as leang leong, barongsai, bian lian, traditional musical instrument performances, and wayang potehi. Economic conditions experienced an increase in income, many job opportunities, and regional development was more in demand by the community. However, there were irresponsible individuals who committed vandalism after revitalization. Social conditions related to social structures, both homogeneous structures (family roles) and heterogeneous structures (society) were involved in every activity held. Conflicts that often occur are differences of opinion between individuals and differences of interest. If the environmental conditions have a positive impact on the addition of cleaning facilities. Further research can provide an application of post-revitalization evaluation of the Kya-Kya area.

Keywords: Revitalization, Cultural Development, Economic Conditions, Social Conditions