Keanekaragaman dan Kemelimpahan Bivalvia di Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura
Diversity and Abundance of Bivalves in The South Beach Bangkalan Madura Regency
Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura merupakan salah satu bagian dari Laut Jawa yang berada di Selat Madura dan kaya akan biodiversitas hewan invertebrata seperti Bivalvia. Penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis Bivalvia, mendeskripsikan keanekaragaman dan kemelimpahan relatif Bivalvia, serta mendeskripsikan profil habitat Bivalvia di Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura. Sampling dilakukan di zona intertidal Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura yaitu Pantai Rongkang, Kwanyar dan Modung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode transek kuadran yaitu menggunakan plot dengan ukuran 1 x 1 m2 yang terdiri atas 270 plot dan penggalian substrat hingga kedalaman 30 cm. Sampel diidentifikasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Keanekaragaman dianalisis dengan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener. Kemelimpahan relatif dan profil habitat dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan Madura terdapat 19 jenis Bivalvia dari 10 famili dan tujuh ordo. Bivalvia di pantai ini beragam, dengan indeks keanekaragaman sebesar 2,1565; sedangkan kemelimpahan relatif Bivalvia tertinggi ialah Solen sp. sebesar 28,8715%, dan terendah yaitu Anadara rufescens, Amarilladesma mactroides, Semele flavescens, dan Placuna placenta sebesar 0,6002%. Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Bangkalan memiliki profil habitat yang sesuai bagi kehidupan Bivalvia yakni pH substrat 5,84 ± 0,18, pH perairan 7,72 ± 0,04, salinitas 29,67 ppt ± 0,00, suhu 27,330C ± 0,41, dan tipe substrat lumpur berpasir. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Pantai Selatan Bangkalan berpotensi dalam biodiversitas Bivalvia.
South Beach Bangkalan Madura Regency is one part of the Java Sea located in the Madura Strait and rich in biodiversity invertebrata animals such as Bivalves. The purposes of this research were to identify, describe the diversity, and relative abundance of Bivalves, as well as describe the habitat profile in the Southern Beach of Bangkalan Madura Regency. This sampling was conducted in the intertidal zone of Southern Beach of Bangkalan Madura Regency, namely Rongkang Beach, Kwanyar, and Modung. Sampling was done by a quadrant transect method using the plot with a size of 1 x 1 m2 consists of 270 plots and digging the substrate for 30 cm depth. The samples were identified based on the morphological character. The diversity was analyzed based on Shannon-Wiener index. The relative abundance and habitat profile were analyzed descriptive-quantitatively. The research results indicated that there were 19 species of Bivalves belong to ten families and seven orders at the South Beach Bangkalan Madura Regency. Bivalves diversity index of Southern Beach of Bangkalan Madura Regency was 2.1565; while the highest relative abundance of Bivalvia was the Solen sp. which was 28.8715%, and the lowest was Anadara rufescens, Amarilladesma mactroides, Semele flavescens, and Placuna placenta which was 0.6002%. The South Beach Bangkalan Madura Regency had habitate profile that was suitable for Bivalves. It was 5.84 ± 0.18 of substrate acidity, 7.72 ± 0.04 of water acidity, 29.67 ppt ± 0.00 of salinity, 27.330C ± 0.41 of temperature, and sandy mud substrate type. It revealed that the Southern Beach Bangkalan Madura has a potency in Bivalve biodiversity.