PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER PEDULI LINGKUNGAN PADA PESERTA DIDIK SMA

DEVELOPMENT OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING MODULES IN SHAPING THE CHARACTER OF ENVIRONMENTAL CARE IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS  

Lingkungan adalah tempat di mana manusia melakukan aktivitas kehidupannya. Rendahnya kepekaan dan ketertarikan manusia terhadap masalah limbah dan eksploitasi lingkungan menimbulkan berbagai masalah di alam. Pembelajaran lingkungan hidup di sekolah sudah menjadi bagian daripada kurikulum terbaru, yaitu Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar 2018 melalui Profil Pelajar Pancasila pada dimensi kreatif dan berakhlak mulia. Pembelajaran lingkungan hidup di SMA mencakup berbagai aspek, antara lain pengelolaan limbah, pengelolaan sumber daya alam, perubahan iklim, energi terbarukan, konservasi alam, dan keanekaragaman hayati. Dengan latar belakang sebagai sekolah adiwiyata mandiri tingkat nasional, ternyata karakter peduli lingkungan dari peserta didik masih cukup rendah ditinjau dari berbagai aspek kesadaran lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan modul pembelajaran berbasis Project Based Learning (PjBL) yang dapat meningkatkan kepedulian lingkungan peserta didik pada materi perubahan lingkungan. Metode pengembangan yang digunakan adalah Research and Development 4-D (Four-D Models) dari Thiagarajan. Metode pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi dan pengisian angket, instrumen penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi, lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, lembar respons siswa, lembar tes belajar siswa, dan lembar observasi perilaku siswa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan interpretasi skala likert dan data berasal dari validasi dua ahli materi dan ahli bahan ajar, serta proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas dengan jumlah sampel 68 siswa. Adapun hasil uji validitas modul ajar memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,47; modul pembelajaran memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,52; lembar kerja peserta didik memperoleh skor rata-rata 3,43 dengan hasil validitas data keseluruhan menunjukkan kategori valid. Data kepraktisan mendapatkan skor 98,4% untuk respons siswa dan 100% pada respons guru dengan kategori sangat praktis, dan 100% untuk keterlaksanaan pembelajaran di kelas dengan kategori sangat praktis pula. Data efektivitas hasil nilai rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0,76 dengan kategori tinggi, dan hasil observasi perilaku peserta didik mencapai 92,94% dengan kategori sangat baik untuk membentuk karakter peduli lingkungan. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan telah dikembangkan empat modul pembelajaran berbasis proyek untuk meningkatkan karakter peduli lingkungan layak digunakan sebagai bahan ajar pada siswa secara mandiri dalam materi perubahan lingkungan dan dapat direkomendasikan untuk digunakan di sekolah adiwiyata yang ada di Indonesia.

The environment is the place where humans carry out their life activities. The lack of human sensitivity and interest in waste problems and environmental exploitation causes various problems in nature. Environmental learning in schools has become part of the latest curriculum, namely the 2018 Merdeka Belajar Curriculum through the Pancasila Student Profile in the creative and noble dimensions. Environmental learning in high school covers various aspects, including waste management, natural resource management, climate change, renewable energy, nature conservation, and biodiversity. Against the background of being a national level independent adiwiyata school, it turns out that the environmental awareness character of students is still quite low in terms of various aspects of environmental awareness. The purpose of this research is to produce a Project Based Learning (PjBL) based learning module that can increase students' environmental awareness on environmental change material. The development method used is Research and Development 4-D (Four-D Models) from Thiagarajan. Data collection methods using observation techniques and filling out questionnaires, this research instrument is a validation sheet, learning implementation sheet, student response sheet, student learning test sheet, and student behavior observation sheet. Data analysis was carried out with quantitative descriptive techniques using Likert scale interpretation and data came from the validation of two material experts and teaching material experts, as well as the learning process in the classroom with a total sample of 32 students. The results of the teaching module validity test obtained an average score of 3.47; the learning module obtained an average score of 3.52; the student worksheet obtained an average score of 3.43 with the overall data validity results showing the valid category. Practicality data obtained a score of 98,4% for student responses and 100% on teacher responses with a very practical category, and 100% for the implementation of learning in the classroom with a very practical category as well. The effectiveness data of the N-Gain average value of 0.76 with a high category, and the results of observations of student behavior reached 92.94% with a very good category to form the character of environmental care. Based on these results, it can be concluded that four project-based learning modules have been developed to improve the character of environmental care worthy of being used as teaching materials for students independently in environmental change material and can be recommended for use in adiwiyata schools in Indonesia.