Pengembangan Instrumen Untuk Mengukur Keterampilan Dasar Bermain Futsal
Development of An Instrument to Measure Basic Futsal Skills
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi masih kurangnya alternatif instrumen untuk mengukur keterampilan dasar bermain futsal untuk jenjang siswa Sekolah Dasar (SD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan mengembangkan instrumen keterampilan dasar futsal yang valid dan reliabel, serta dapat ditentukan kriteria penilaian. Jenis penelitian yang diterapkan adalah penelitian pengembangan. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 60 siswa sekolah dasar.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Semampir, Kota Surabaya. Merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) mengadopsi model pengembangan Borg & Gall. Obyek penelitian adalah instrumen untuk mengukur keterampilan dasar bermain futsal. Tahap penelitian meliputi (1) pengumpulan informasi, (2) pengembangan produk awal, (3) uji validasi ahli dan revisi, (4) uji coba lapangan 1 dan revisi, (5) uji coba lapangan 2 untuk mencari validitas dan reliabilitas, serta penentuan kriteria penilaian. Instrumen yang dikembangkan meliputi: (1) Mengumpan Bola, (2) Menahan Bola, (3) Menembak Bola, (4) Menggiring Bola. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu: (1) analisis data kualitatif untuk data hasil analisis ahli. (2) analisis data kuantitatif berupa uji validitas ahli dengan Aiken’s V, uji validitas konstruk dari hasil uji lapangan dilakukan dengan teknik analisis correlation product moment , uji reliabilitas tes-retest atau pengulangan tes yang sama kemudian dianalisis dengan formula stabilitas korelasi dari pearson, dan penentuan kriteria penilaian menggunakan penilaian acuan norma (PAN) skala 5 kategori berdasarkan rerata gabungan tiap tes yaitu nilai A (Sangat Baik) = (81-100), B (Baik) = (66-80), C (Cukup) = (36-65), D (Kurang) = (21-35), E (Sangat Kurang) = (0-20).
Penelitian ini menghasilkan instrumen tes keterampilan dasar bermain futsal yang valid dan reliabel, yaitu (1) Mengumpan Bola (passing), dengan ”r” validitas = 0,651 ,”r” reliabilitas = 0,900 ,(2) Menahan Bola (controlling), dengan ”r” validitas = 0,732,”r” reliabilitas = 0,830 ,(3) Menembak Bola (shooting), dengan ”r” validitas = 0,717,”r” reliabilitas = 0,778 ,(4) Menggiring Bola (dribbling), dengan ”r” validitas = 0,838,”r” reliabilitas = 0,956. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk dalam penelitian ini berupa tes yang dapat digunakan sebagai instrumen untuk mengukur keterampilan dasar bermain futsal pada siswa sekolah dasar.
This research is motivated by the lack of alternative instruments to measure the basic skills of playing futsal for elementary school students. This study aims to create and develop a valid and reliable futsal basic skills instrument, and the assessment criteria can be determined. The type of research applied is development research. The subjects of this study amounted to 60 elementary school students.
This research was conducted in Semampir Sub-district, Surabaya City. It is a development research (Research and Development) adopting the Borg & Gall development model. The object of the research is an instrument to measure the basic skills of playing futsal. The research stages include (1) information gathering, (2) initial product development, (3) expert validation test and revision, (4) field trial 1 and revision, (5) field trial 2 to find validity and reliability, as well as determining assessment criteria. The instruments developed include: (1) Passing the Ball, (2) Holding the Ball, (3) Shooting the Ball, (4) Dribbling. The data analysis used are: (1) qualitative data analysis for expert analysis data. (2) quantitative data analysis in the form of expert validity tests with Aiken's V, construct validity tests from the results of field tests carried out with product moment correlation analysis techniques, test-retest reliability tests or repetition of the same test then analyzed with Pearson's correlation stability formula. and determination of assessment criteria using Penilaian Acuan Norma (PAN) scale of 5 categories based on the combined average of each test, namely the value of A (Very Good) = (81-100), B (Good) = (66-80), C (Fair) = (36-65), D (Less) = (21-35), E (Very Less) = (0-20).
This study produces valid and reliable basic skills test instruments for playing futsal, namely (1) Passing the Ball (passing), with "r" validity = 0.651, "r" reliability = 0.900, (2) Holding the Ball (controlling), with "r" validity = 0.732, "r" reliability = 0.830, (3) Shooting the Ball (shooting), with "r" validity = 0.717, "r" reliability = 0.778, (4) Dribbling, with "r" validity = 0.838, "r" reliability = 0.956. It can be concluded that the product in this study is a test that can be used as an instrument to measure the basic skills of playing futsal in elementary school students.