Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Model PBL (Problem Based Learning) Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Di SMPN 02 Suboh

Development of Science Learning Devices Using the PBL (Problem Based Learning) Model on Human Digestive System Materials to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills at SMPN 02 Suboh

ABSTRAK

PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN IPA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PBL (Problem Based Learning) PADA MATERI SISTEM PENCERNAAN MANUSIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK DI SMPN 02 SUBOH

Wihdatul Istiqah. 2021. Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Model PBL (Problem Based Learning) Pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan Manusia Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Di SMPN 02 Suboh. Tesis. Program Studi Pendidikan Sains. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (I) Prof. Dr. Hj. Rudiana Agustini, M.Pd, dan (II) Dr. Widowati Budijastuti, M.Si.

Kata kunci:   Perangkat, Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah, Keterampilan berpikir kritis

Pemerintah Indonesia terus berjuang untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan salah satunya dalam pendidikan IPA dengan cara meningkatkan life skill dan soft skill peserta didik, sehingga mampu bersaing di era globalisasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik di SMPN 02 Suboh yang layak berdasarkan validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Perangkat pembelajaran dikembangkan dengan desain pengembangan model Dick and Carey. Uji coba dilakukan kepada 20 orang peserta didik. Validitas ditinjau dari hasil validasi Silabus, RPP, Bahan Ajar, LKPD, dan Instrumen Penilaian Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis. Kepraktisan ditinjau dari keterlaksanaan RPP, kendala-kendala, dan aktivitas peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran. Keefektifan ditinjau dari hasil pretest dan posttest keterampilan berpikir kritis dan angket respons peserta didik. Hasil validitas silabus, RPP, bahan ajar, LKPD dan instrumen penilaian keterampilan berpikir kritis sebesar 100%, 100%, 95%, 95%, dan 97% sehingga perangkat tersebut dapat dikatakan valid dan reliabel. Keterlaksanaan RPP sebesar 97,5% dengan kategori sangat baik dan reliabel, serta aktivitas siswa yang sangat tertarik mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran terutama pada aspek uji bahan makanan. Keefektifan ditinjau dari hasil pretest dan posttest bahwa sebelum dilaksanakannya pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah tidak ada siswa yang memperoleh nilai ≥ KKM, sedangkan setelah dilaksanakan uji coba kepada 20 orang peserta didik diperoleh sebanyak 10% peserta didik mendapat kategori cukup dan 90% peserta didik mendapat kategori tinggi untuk kemampuan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Berdasarkan perhitungan N-gain hasil rata-rata sebesar 0,78 dengan kategori tinggi. Respons peserta didik menunjukkan ketertarikan terhadap proses pembelajaran sebesar 99% dengan kategori sangat efektif. Perangkat yang dikembangkan valid, praktis, dan efektif sehingga layak untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMPN 02 Suboh.

DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE LEARNING DEVICES USING PBL (Problem Based Learning) MODEL ON HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM MATERIALS TO IMPROVE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS OF STUDENTS AT SMPN 02 SUBOH

Wihdatul Istiqah. 2021. Development of Science Learning Devices Using the PBL (Problem Based Learning) Model on Human Digestive System Materials to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills at SMPN 02 Suboh. Thesis. Science Education Study Program. Surabaya State University Postgraduate Program. Supervisor: (I) Prof. Dr. Hj. Rudiana Agustini, M.Pd, and (II) Dr. Widowati Budijastuti, M.Sc.

Keywords: Devices, Problem-Based Learning, Critical thinking skills

The Indonesian government continues to strive to improve the quality of education, one of which is in science education by increasing the life skills and soft skills of students, so that they are able to compete in the era of globalization. The purpose of this research is to produce problem-based learning tools to improve the critical thinking skills of students at SMPN 02 Suboh that are feasible based on validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The learning device was developed using the Dick and Carey model development design. The trial was conducted on 20 students. Validity is seen from the results of the validation of the Syllabus, RPP, Teaching Materials, LKPD, and Critical Thinking Skills Assessment Instruments. Practicality is seen from the implementation of lesson plans, constraints, and activities of students in the learning process. The effectiveness is seen from the results of the pretest and posttest of critical thinking skills and student response questionnaires. The results of the validity of the syllabus, lesson plans, teaching materials, LKPD and critical thinking skills assessment instruments are 100%, 100%, 95%, 95%, and 97% so that the device can be said to be valid and reliable. The implementation of the lesson plans was 97.5% in the very good and reliable category, as well as the activities of students who were very interested in participating in learning activities, especially in the aspect of food testing. The effectiveness is seen from the results of the pretest and posttest that before the implementation of learning with the problem-based learning model, no student got the KKM score, while after the trial was carried out on 20 students, 10% of the students got enough category and 90% of the students got high category for critical thinking skills. Based on the calculation of N-gain the average result is 0.78 in the high category. The responses of students showed an interest in the learning process by 99% with a very effective category. The tools developed are valid, practical, and effective so that they are feasible to improve the critical thinking skills of SMPN 02 Suboh students.