Pemberian berbagai Konsentrasi Hormon Giberelin terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Pembungaan Tanaman Kenikir (Cosmos sp.)

Appropriation of Various Concentrations of Gibberellin on the Growth and Flowering Kenikir Plants (Cosmos sp.)

Tanaman kenikir merupakan salah satu tanaman sayuran kelompok famili Asteraceae yang umum diketahui masyarakat Jawa Barat serta termasuk dalam bagian dari komoditi  pertanian dengan nilai ekonomis tinggi. Tanaman kenikir (Cosmos sp.) merupakan tanaman sayuran yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat, pewarna makanan alami, elemen dalam ritual upacara adat, tanaman pagar, dan tanaman hias potensial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai konsentrasi hormon giberelin terhadap pertumbuhan dan pembungaan tanaman kenikir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan konsentrasi hormon yang berbeda yaitu 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 600 ppm, dan 800 ppm. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak lima kali. Parameter yang diukur yaitu tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, biomassa basah tanaman, diameter batang, waktu berbunga, jumlah bunga, diameter bunga, dan biomassa basah bunga. Data dianalisis menggunakan One Way Anova dan dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian berbagai konsentrasi hormon giberelin berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan pembungaan tanaman kenikir. Konsentrasi yang optimal dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan pembungaan tanaman kenikir adalah 800 ppm dengan nilai rerata tinggi tanaman sebesar 121,00 cm, diameter batang sebesar 1,20 cm, panjang akar sebesar 19,40 cm, biomassa basah tanaman sebesar 178,40 gr, jumlah bunga sebesar 156,80 kuntum, diameter bunga sebesar 3,38 cm, biomassa basah bunga sebesar 14,86 gr, dan rata-rata waktu muncul bunga yaitu pada 41,2 HST.

    Kenikir plant is one of the vegetable plants in the Asteraceae family which is commonly known by the people of West Java and is included in the agricultural commodities with high economic value. Kenikir plants (Cosmos sp.) are vegetable plants that can be used as medicinal plants, natural food coloring, elements in traditional ceremonial rituals, hedges, and potential ornamental plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving various concentrations of the hormone gibberellins on the growth and flowering of marigolds. This study was an experimental study using the Randomized Block Design (RBD) method with five different hormone concentration treatments, namely 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, 600 ppm, and 800 ppm. Each treatment was repeated five times. Parameters measured were plant height, root length, plant wet biomass, stem diameter, flowering time, number of flowers, flower diameter and wet biomass of flowers. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova and continued with Duncan's test. The results showed that the administration of various concentrations of the hormone gibberellins affected the growth and flowering of kenikir. The optimal concentration in increasing the growth and flowering of kenikir plants is 800 ppm with an average value of plant height of 121.00 cm, stem diameter of 1.20 cm, root length of 19.40 cm, plant wet biomass of 178.40 g, total flowers of 156.80 buds, flower diameter of 3.38 cm, wet biomass of flowers of 14.86 g, and the average time of appearance of flowers is at 41.2 HST.