Hubungan Morfometri Panjang, Berat, dan Diameter Tubuh dengan Organ Reproduksi Cacing Tanah Metaphire javanica di Kabupaten Sidoarjo

Relationship of Morphometry Length, Weight, and Body Diameter with Reproductive Organs of Metaphire javanica Earthworm at Sidoarjo Regency

    Cacing tanah Metaphire javanica merupakan spesies cacing tanah asli Indonesia yang memiliki peran ekologis penting dalam ekosistem tanah. Tubuh cacing tanah secara alami terus-menerus mengalami perubahan, baik morfologi maupun anatomi. Hal tersebut merupakan suatu mekanisme adaptasi terhadap kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan morfometri panjang, berat, dan diameter tubuh cacing tanah Metaphire javanica dengan organ reproduksi pada daerah padat penduduk dan aktivitas industri yang tinggi di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Sampel diambil pada enam lokasi di Kabupaten Sidoarjo, yaitu Kecamatan Taman, Kecamatan Sidoarjo, Kecamatan Wonoayu 1 dan 2, Kecamatan Gedangan, serta Kecamatan Sedati menggunakan metode purposive random sampling. Pengambilan sampel cacing tanah menggunakan metode hand sorting. Morfologi dan anatomi cacing diukur dan diidentifikasi hingga tahap tingkatan spesies kemudian dilakukan analisis korelasi PCA dengan SPSS v23. Parameter fisika dan kimia tanah yang diamati seperti suhu, pH, dan kelembapan tanah. Hasil analisis PCA menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang erat antara panjang, berat, dan diameter tubuh dengan ukuran lubang kelamin jantan, jarak spermateka, dan ukuran lubang kelamin betina karena memiliki nilai matriks korelasi  berkisar antara 0,527-0,886. Diameter tubuh dengan ukuran jarak lubang kelamin jantan memiliki nilai matriks korelasi terbesar yaitu 0,886. Sedangkan, antara panjang, berat, dan diameter tubuh dengan diameter vesikula dan diameter prostat memiliki hubungan yang lemah karena nilai matriks korelasi antara 0,033-0,420. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara morfometri panjang, berat, dan diameter tubuh dengan organ reproduksi yang meliputi ukuran jarak lubang kelamin jantan, jarak spermateka, dan ukuran lubang kelamin betina. Sementara itu, tidak terdapat hubungan antara morfometri panjang, berat, dan diameter tubuh dengan organ reproduksi yang meliputi diameter vesikula dan diameter prostat.

Kata kunci: cacing tanah, Metaphire javanica, morfometri, organ reproduksi, habitat pohon pisang

The earthworm Metaphire javanica is an Indonesian native earthworm species that has an important ecological role in the soil ecosystem. The earthworm’s body naturally undergoes changes, both morphological and anatomical. This is a mechanism of adaptation to environmental conditions. This study aims to analyze the morphometric relationship of the length, weight, and body diameter of the earthworm Metaphire javanica with reproductive organs in densely populated areas and high industrial activity in Sidoarjo Regency. Samples were taken at six locations in Sidoarjo Regency, namely Taman District, Sidoarjo District, Wonoayu District 1 and 2, Gedangan District, and Sedati District using purposive random sampling method. Sampling of earthworm using the method of hand sorting. Earthworm morphology and anatomy were measured and identified to the species level, then PCA correlation analysis was performed with SPSS v23. Physical and chemical parameters of the soil were observed such as temperature, pH, and soil moisture. PCA analysis result showed a close relationship between length, weight, and body diameter with the size of the male pore, the distance between them, and the size of the female pore because it had a correlation matrix values ranging from 0.527-0.886. The diameter of the body with the size of the distance of the male pore had the largest correlation matrix value that was 0.886. Meanwhile, between the length, weigth, and body diameter with vesicle diameter and prostate diameter had a weak relationship because the correlation matrix values between 0.033-0.420. thus it can be concluded that there was a relationship between the morphometry of body length, weight, and diameter with the productive organs which include the size of the male pore, the distance between them, and the size of the female pore.

Key words: earthworms, Metaphire javanica, morphometry, reproductive organs, banana tree habitat