Pengembangan Model Identifikasi Bakat Sprinter Menggunakan Antropometri, Kualitas Fisik, dan Kualitas Biomotor Pada Anak Usia 10-12 Tahun
Development of a Sprinter Talent Identification Model Using Anthropometry, Physical Quality, and Biomotor Quality in Children Aged 10-12 Year
Proses identifikasi bakat olahraga sprinter belum memiliki sistem yang baku dan membutuhkan waktu lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan model pengembangan identifikasi bakat sprinter menggunakan antropometri, kualitas fisik, dan kualitas biomotor pada anak usia 10 – 12 tahun.
Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Sampel penelitian berjumlah 172 anak dengan kriteria usia 10-12 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan, berbadan sehat. Penelitian pengembangan model identifikasi bakat sprinter menggunakan antropometri, kualitas fisik, dan kualitas biomotor pada anak usia 10-12 tahun diawali dan dimulai dengan menentukan permasalahan, pengembangan model atau produk, uji validitas model untuk menghasilkan suatu produk yaitu berupa software pengembangan model identifikasi bakat sprinter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model identifikasi bakat atlet sprinter pada kelompok laki-laki dengan persamaan D = -9,909 + (1,255*Kecepatan) + (0,062*Fleksibilitas) + (-0,122*Tinggi Lompatan) + (6,011*Reaksi Waktu Audio) dan validitas dalam membedakan kriteria atlet sprinter laki-laki sebesar 95,5%. Serta model identifikasi bakat atlet sprinter pada kelompok perempuan dengan persamaan D = 9,334 + (-0,048*TB) + (0,140*PT) + (4,759*Anaerobik) + (-2,111*Kecepatan) + (0,090*Fleksibilitas) dan validitas dalam membedakan kriteria atlet sprinter perempuan sebesar 95,2 %.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pengembangan identifikasi bakat sprinter pada laki-laki usia 10 -12 tahun, terpilih 4 variabel yaitu kecepatan, fleksibilitas, tinggi lompatan, dan reaksi waktu audio. Serta model identifikasi bakat sprinter pada perempuan usia 10 – 12 tahun, terpiih 5 variabel yaitu tinggi badan, panjang tungkai, anaerobik, kecepatan, dan fleksibilitas. Adanya perbedaan variabel penelitian dalam menentukan pengembangan model identifikasi bakat atlet sprinter muda secara biologi.
Kata-kata Kunci : Identifikasi bakat sprinter, antropometri, kualitas fisik, kualitas biomotor.
The process of identification sprinter sports talent does not yet have a standard system and takes a long time. In this study, children between the ages of 10 and 12 will be measured for anthropometry, physical ability, and biomotor abilities in order to develop a talent identification development model sprinter.
A research and development model is employed in this work. The research sample was 172 children with age criteria of 10-12 years, male and female, healthy. A talent identification model sprinter's development using anthropometry, physical quality, and biomotor quality in children aged 10 to 12 years begins with determining the problem, creating a model or product, and evaluating the model's viability before developing the final product in the form of software. The study's findings indicate that the athlete's talent identification model for sprinters in the male group can be differentiated by 95.5% using the equation D = -9.909 + (1.255*Speed) + (0.062*Flexibility) + (-0.122*Jump Height) + (6.011*Audio Time Reaction). Also, the female sprinter athlete talent identification model with the equation D = 9,334 + (-0,048*TB) + (0,140*PT) + (4,759*Aerobic) + (-2,111*Speed) + (0.090*Flexibility) was 95.2% valid in identifying the athlete requirements.
Based on the findings of the aforementioned study, it can be said that four variables were chosen for the talent identification development model sprinter in boys between the ages of 10 and 12: speed, flexibility, jump height, and audio reaction time. Five factors were chosen: height, leg length, anaerobic capacity, speed, and flexibility in girls aged 10 to 12 as well as a talent identification model sprinter. There are differences in research variables in determining the development of a biological talent identification model for young sprint athletes..
Key Words : Identification of sprinter talent, anthropometry, physical quality, biomotor quality.