Evaluasi Kebijakan Sentralisasi dan Desentralisasi Kepegawaian dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di LPPH Balikpapan

Evaluation of Centralization and Decentralization Policies in Improving Teacher Performance at LPPH Balikpapan

Rizqa Anisa Hillan. 2025. Evaluasi Kebijakan Sentralisasi dan Desentralisasi Kepegawaian dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di LPPH Balikpapan. Tesis, Program Studi S2 Manajemen Pendidikan, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan dan Keguruan Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (I) Dr. Mufarrihul Hazin, S.Pd.I., M.Pd. dan (II) Dr. Amrozi Khamidi, S.Pd., M.Pd.

Kata Kunci: sentralisasi, desentralisasi, kebijakan kepegawaian, kinerja guru, evaluasi kebijakan.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan sentralisasi dan desentralisasi kepegawaian serta melihat sejauh mana kebijakan tersebut berdampak pada peningkatan kinerja guru di LPPH Balikpapan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mixed method dengan desain Convergent Parallel Design, yaitu mengumpulkan data kuantitatif dan kualitatif secara bersamaan agar hasil kedua data dapat dibandingkan dan saling menguatkan. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui kuesioner kepada 96 guru, sedangkan data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji pengaruh, sementara analisis kualitatif menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman. Keabsahan data diuji melalui triangulasi sumber, triangulasi teknik, dan member check. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isi kebijakan kepegawaian yayasan telah disusun cukup jelas, namun belum dipahami secara merata oleh semua guru, terutama guru baru. Pada tahap implementasi, kebijakan berjalan cukup baik tetapi menghadapi beberapa kendala, seperti tumpang tindih kewenangan, perbedaan pelaksanaan antarunit, dan komunikasi internal yang belum sepenuhnya efektif. Secara kuantitatif, kebijakan kepegawaian terbukti berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kinerja guru, khususnya dalam aspek profesionalisme, kedisiplinan, dan pengelolaan pembelajaran. Secara keseluruhan, kebijakan sentralisasi dan desentralisasi yang diterapkan telah memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan kinerja guru, tetapi masih memerlukan perbaikan melalui sosialisasi yang lebih intensif, koordinasi struktural yang lebih kuat, dan peningkatan kompetensi guru secara berkelanjutan.

Rizqa Anisa Hillan. 2025. Evaluation of Centralization and Decentralization Policies in Improving Teacher Performance at LPPH Balikpapan. Thesis. Master of Educational Management Program, Faculty of Education, State University of Surabaya. Supervisors: (I) Dr. Mufarrihul Hazin, S.Pd.I., M.Pd., and (II) Dr. Amrozi Khamidi, S.Pd., M.Pd.

Keywords: centralization, decentralization, personnel policy, teacher performance, policy evaluation.

This study aims to evaluate the implementation of centralization and decentralization policies in personnel management and to examine their impact on improving teacher performance at LPPH Balikpapan. The research employed a mixed-method approach with a Convergent Parallel Design, in which quantitative and qualitative data were collected simultaneously to provide a comprehensive and mutually reinforcing understanding. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaires administered to 96 teachers, while qualitative data were collected through participatory observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and influence testing, while qualitative data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation, technique triangulation, and member checking. The findings indicate that although the personnel policy framework has been clearly formulated, teachers—especially newly recruited ones—do not yet fully understand the policy. In terms of implementation, the policy has been carried out relatively well but still faces obstacles such as overlapping authority, inconsistent application across units, and ineffective internal communication. Quantitative results show that personnel policies have a significant and positive effect on teacher performance, particularly in professionalism, discipline, and classroom management. Overall, the centralization–decentralization policy contributes positively to improving teacher performance; however, its effectiveness can be enhanced through stronger policy socialization, improved structural coordination, and continuous professional development for teachers.