Analisis kadar logam berat timbal (Pb) di Perairan Pelabuhan Teluk Lamong dan Korelasinya terhadap Kadar Pb Kerang darah (Tegillarca granosa)

Analysis of lead (Pb) heavy metal levels in Lamong Bay Port Waters and Their Correlation to Pb Levels of Blood Mussels (Tegillarca granosa)

Perairan pelabuhan Teluk Lamong Surabaya berpotensi terkontaminasi logam berat khususnya timbal (Pb) karena adanya pelabuhan dan sungai yang melintasi daerah industri bermuara di teluk Lamong. Kerang darah (Tegillarca granosa) yang hidup di perairan Teluk Lamong rentan terpapar logam berat seperti Pb. Logam berat dapat terakumulasi dalam kerang darah, sehingga berguna sebagai bioindikator pencemaran logam berat dalam air. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kadar Pb di air laut dan kerang darah pada perairan Teluk Lamong serta hubungan konsentrasi Pb dalam air dengan konsentrasi Pb yang terkandung pada kerang darah. Sampel diperoleh dari tiga stasiun sekitar pelabuhan Teluk Lamong. Sampel air diukur dengan parameter fisika-kimia. Analisis kadar Pb pada kerang darah serta air laut memakai metode AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry). Data diuji korelasi pearson untuk mengetahui korelasi konsentrasi Pb di air laut terhadap Tegillarca granosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar Pb pada air laut sebesar 0,104 ± 0,011 ppm - 0,181 ± 0,012 ppm. Kadar Pb pada kerang darah  sebesar 0,017 ± 0,005 ppm - 0,070 ± 0,009 ppm. Hubungan antara konsentrasi Pb pada air laut dengan kerang darah adalah berkorelasi positif yang berarti semakin tinggi konsentrasi Pb di lingkungan perairan maka semakin tinggi kadar Pb yang diserap oleh kerang darah (Tegillarca granosa).

The waters of the Port of Teluk Lamong Surabaya have the potential to be contaminated with heavy metals, especially lead (Pb) because of the port and river that crosses the industrial area that empties into Lamong Bay. Blood mussels (Tegillarca granosa) that live in the waters of Lamong Bay are susceptible to exposure to heavy metals such as Pb. Heavy metals can accumulate in blood shells, so they are useful as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution in water. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Pb concentration in seawater and blood mussels in the waters of Lamong Bay and the relationship of Pb concentrations in water with pb concentrations contained in blood mussels. Analysis of Pb levels in blood mussels and seawater using the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method. The data were tested for pearson correlation to determine the correlation of pb concentration levels in seawater to Tegillarca granosa. The results showed that Pb levels in seawater were 0.104 ± 0.011 ppm - 0.181 ± 0.012 ppm. Pb levels in blood mussels by 0.017 ± 0.005 ppm - 0.070 ± 0.009 ppm. The relationship between Pb concentrations in seawater and blood mussels is positively correlated which means that the higher the Pb concentration in the aquatic environment, the higher the Pb levels absorbed by blood mussels (Tegillarca granosa).