ABSTRAK
Sukowati, Ida. 2019. Representasi Kekuasaan dalam Novel Hindia Belanda, Analisis Wacana Kritis Michel Foucault. Disertasi, Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Program Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Proromotor. Prof. Dr. Setya Yuwana Sudikan, M.A., dan Ko-Promotor Prof. Dr. Haris Supratno.
Kata-kata kunci: penghadiran, penghilangan, Foucault.
Penelitian ini membahas reperesentasi kekuasaan dalam novel Hindia Belanda, yang ditulis oleh penulis Belanda yang pernah hidup di Indonesia pada masa kolonialisme. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan wacana kekuasaan dalam lima novel Hindia Belanda, yang meliputi penghadiran (presence), dan penghilangan (absence).
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis wacana kritis Michel Foucault. Sumber data penelitian adalah lima novel Hindia Belanda dengan sumber data berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pembacaan serta pencatatan dalam tabulasi data. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik hermeneutik objektif, melalui proses analitik interpretatif.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dalam novel Hindia Belanda ditemukan beberapa temuan, yaitu, 1. Novel Hindia Belanda adalah rezim diskursif yang menggeneralisasi eksistensi kaum pribumi dalam frame dominasi, 2. hasil dominasi pengetahuan menghasilkan diferensiasi nilai yang menyebabkan objek kekuasaan harus berperilaku adaktif, 3. reaksi objek kekuasaan terhadap marginalisasi eksistensial mereka berbentuk dua macam, a. perilaku hybrid bagi yang terdominasi total, dan B. mimikri bagi yang masih memiliki posisi tawar dalam ruang episteme
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa novel Hindia Belanda adalah wacana yang misrepresentasi terhadap nilai-nilai kearifan lokal, merupakan scopic regime yang berfungsi mempertahankan dominasi kekuasaan melalui pengetahuan.
ABSTRACT
Sukowati, Ida. 2019. Representation of Power in Dutch-Indies Novel, Critical Michel Foucault Discourse Analysis. Dissertation Language and Literature Education Program, Post-Graduate Program of Surabaya State University. Promoter. Prof. Dr. Setya Yuwana Sudikan, M.A., and Co-promoter Prof. Dr. Haris Supratno.
Key words: presence, absence, Foucault.
This study discusses the representation of power in the Dutch-Indies novel, written by Dutch writers who had lived in Indonesia during colonialism. The aim of the study was to describe the power discourse in five novels of the Dutch East Indies, which included presence, and absence.
This research is a qualitative descriptive study with Michel Foucault's critical discourse analysis approach. The research data source is five novels of the Dutch-Indies with data sources in the form of words, phrases, and sentences. Data collection is done through reading and recording in data tabulation. Data analysis was performed with objective hermeneutic techniques, through interpretive analytic processes.
Based on the results of data analysis of the Dutch-Indies novel found it is several findings, are found namely; 1. The Indies novel is a discursive regime that generalizes the existence of natives in frame domination, 2. the result of knowledge domination produces differentiation of values that causes the object of power to behave adactively, 3. the reaction of power objects produces their existential marginalization in two types; a. hybrid behavior for those who are totally dominated, and b. mimicry for those who still have a bargaining position in the episteme space.
Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Dutch-Indies novel is a discourse that misrepresents the values of local wisdom, it is a scopic regime that functions to maintain the dominance of power through knowledge.