TREN GLOBAL DAN ANALISIS KONTEN TEKNIK KONSELING COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING UNTUK MEREDUKSI KECEMASAN AKADEMIK: STUDI BIBLIOMETRIK DAN FRAMEWORK BASED SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (2019-2024)

GLOBAL TRENDS AND CONTENT ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING COUNSELLING TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING ACADEMIC ANXIETY: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY AND FRAMEWORK BASED SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (2019-2024)

Kecemasan akademik merupakan masalah psikologis yang berdampak negatif pada aspek akademik, sosial, dan emosional peserta didik. Teknik cognitive restructuring sebagai bagian dari Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) telah banyak diteliti sebagai intervensi untuk mengatasi kecemasan akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tren publikasi, perkembangan tema, distribusi geografis, serta mengidentifikasi populasi, mekanisme kerja, dan outcome penelitian teknik cognitive restructuring terhadap kecemasan akademik pada periode 2019-2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan integratif berupa analisis bibliometrik dan framework based systematic literature review dengan kerangka PICO yaitu population, intervention, comparation, dan outcome. Data diperoleh dari Google Scholar menggunakan kata kunci cognitive restructuring dan academic anxiety, sehingga diperoleh 298 artikel yang dianalisis menggunakan VOSviewer. Sebanyak delapan artikel terpilih dianalisis secara mendalam setelah melalui proses penyaringan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi serta penilaian kualitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tren publikasi memuncak pada tahun 2021 dengan jumlah 67 artikel atau 22,4 persen pada masa pandemi COVID-19, kemudian cenderung stabil pada periode 2022 sampai 2024 dengan jumlah 43 sampai 44 artikel per tahun. Analisis kata kunci membentuk dua klaster utama yaitu cognitive restructuring dengan 100 kemunculan dan anxiety dengan 137 kemunculan serta kekuatan hubungan sebesar 278. Distribusi geografis penelitian didominasi oleh Indonesia sebesar 30,8 persen dan Amerika Serikat sebesar 26,1 persen dengan tingkat kolaborasi internasional yang masih terbatas. Subjek penelitian didominasi oleh peserta didik SMA, SMK, dan MA dengan jumlah sampel antara 4 sampai 10 peserta didik dengan tingkat kecemasan tinggi. Teknik cognitive restructuring bekerja melalui proses transformasi pola pikir irasional menjadi rasional sehingga menghasilkan penurunan kecemasan akademik dari kategori tinggi ke sedang serta memberikan dampak positif terhadap prestasi akademik. Teknik cognitive restructuring terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan kecemasan akademik. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengimplementasikan evaluasi follow up jangka panjang serta meningkatkan kolaborasi riset lintas negara guna memperluas generalisasi temuan.

Academic anxiety is a psychological problem that has a negative impact on students’ academic, social, and emotional aspects. Cognitive restructuring techniques, as part of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, have been widely researched as an intervention to address academic anxiety. This study aims to analyse publication trends, thematic development, geographical distribution, and to identify the population, working mechanisms, and outcomes of research on cognitive restructuring techniques for academic anxiety during the period 2019 to 2024. This study used an integrative approach combining bibliometric analysis and a framework based systematic literature review using the PICO framework consisting of population, intervention, comparation, and outcome. Data were obtained from Google Scholar using the keywords cognitive restructuring and academic anxiety, resulting in 298 articles analysed using VOSviewer. Eight selected articles were analysed in depth after screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and quality assessment. The results showed that publication trends peaked in 2021 with 67 articles or 22.4 percent during the COVID-19 pandemic, then remained relatively stable from 2022 to 2024 with 43 to 44 articles per year. Keyword analysis formed two main clusters, namely cognitive restructuring with 100 occurrences and anxiety with 137 occurrences, with a relationship strength of 278. The geographical distribution of research was dominated by Indonesia at 30.8 percent and the United States at 26.1 percent, with limited international collaboration. Research subjects were predominantly senior high school, vocational school, and Islamic high school students with sample sizes ranging from 4 to 10 participants with high levels of anxiety. The technique works by transforming irrational thinking patterns into rational ones, resulting in a reduction of academic anxiety from high to moderate levels and a positive impact on academic achievement. Cognitive restructuring techniques were proven to be effective in reducing academic anxiety. Future research is recommended to implement long term follow up evaluations and increase cross country research collaboration to improve the generalisation of findings.