HUBUNGAN POLA MAKAN DAN DURASI TIDUR DENGAN PERSENTASE LEMAK TUBUH ATLET PENCAK SILAT UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA

THE CORRELATION OF DIETARY PATTERNS AND SLEEP DURATION TOWARDS BODY FAT PERCENTAGE AMONG PENCAK SILAT ATHLETES UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SURABAYA

Keseimbangan komposisi tubuh khususnya lemak, sangat penting dalam menjaga performa optimal atlet pencak silat. Lemak tubuh berlebih dapat mengganggu kecepatan, kekuatan, dan kelincahan, serta menyulitkan penyesuaian berat badan dengan kelas tanding. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pola makan dan durasi tidur dengan persentase lemak tubuh, mencakup total fat, visceral fat, dan subcutaneous leg fat, pada atlet pencak silat Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Studi ini menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) dan melibatkan 42 atlet (25 laki-laki dan 17 perempuan) berusia 18–22 tahun. Pola makan diukur menggunakan Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire (EBPQ), durasi tidur dengan Sleep Timing Questionnaire (STQ), serta persentase lemak tubuh menggunakan metode Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Hasil menunjukkan terdapat korelasi negatif yang signifikan antara pola makan dengan total fat (r = -0.429; p = 0.005) dan visceral fat (r = -0.317; p = 0.041), namun tidak signifikan dengan subcutaneous leg fat (r = -0.213; p=0.177). Sementara itu, durasi tidur menunjukkan korelasi negatif yang lebih kuat terhadap total fat (r = -0.746; p = 0.000), visceral fat (r = -0.504; p = 0.001), dan subcutaneous leg fat (r = -0.572; p = 0.000). Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya pengaturan pola makan baik dan durasi tidur yang cukup dalam mengelola komposisi lemak tubuh, guna mendukung performa atlet yang optimal dalam olahraga pencak silat.

Kata Kunci: Pencak Silat, Pola Makan, Durasi Tidur, Persen Lemak

Maintaining a balanced body composition, particularly in terms of fat percentage, is essential for optimizing the athletic performance of Pencak Silat athletes. Excess body fat may hinder agility, strength, and speed, while also complicating weight classification compliance. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and sleep duration with body fat percentage—specifically total fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous leg fat—among Pencak Silat athletes at Universitas Negeri Surabaya. A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 42 athletes (25 males and 17 females), aged 18 to 22 years. Dietary patterns were assessed using the Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire (EBPQ), sleep duration via the Sleep Timing Questionnaire (STQ), and body fat percentage was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The results revealed a significant negative correlation between dietary patterns and both total body fat (r = -0.429, p = 0.005) and visceral fat (r = -0.317, p = 0.041), suggesting that healthier eating behaviors are associated with lower fat accumulation. However, no significant correlation was found between dietary patterns and subcutaneous leg fat (r = -0.213, p = 0.177). In contrast, sleep duration demonstrated a stronger negative correlation with total fat (r = -0.746, p = 0.000), visceral fat (r = -0.504, p = 0.001), and subcutaneous leg fat (r = -0.572, p = 0.000), indicating the important role of adequate sleep in managing fat composition. These findings underscore the critical influence of balanced nutrition and sufficient sleep in maintaining optimal body fat levels and enhancing competitive performance in Pencak Silat athletes.

Keywords: Pencak Silat, Dietary Patterns, Sleep Duration, Body Fat Percentage