The Development of Total Physical Response (TPR) Methods Assisted by Traditional Games Dakon to Improve English Vocabulary Mastery of IV Grade Student Elementary School

Purwa, Thirsa Laules. 2021. Pengembangan Metode Total Physical Response (TPR) Berbantuan Permainan Tradisional Dakon untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Kosakata Bahasa Inggris Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar, Tesis, Program Studi Pendidikan Dasar, Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Pembimbing (1) Prof. Dr. Setya Yuwana, M,A. dan (2) Dr. Hendratno, M.Hum.

Kata Kunci: metode TPR, penguasaan kosakata bahasa inggris

Pembelajaran melalui metode TPR merupakan kegiatan pembelajaran yang disusun khususnya untuk mengajarkan bahasa asing terdiri atas koordinasi ucapan dan gerak. Bahasa asing yang dipilih untuk digunakan dalam penelitian adalah bahasa Inggris dengan memfokuskan pada penguasaan kosakata. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan guru kelas IV, rasa kurang tertarik dan tidak percaya diri siswa dalam belajar bahasa Inggris menjadi dasar penguasaan kosakata siswa masih rendah. Siswa antusias jika dalam kegiatan pembelajaran diminta untuk aktif berkontribusi dan dihadirkan benda konkret, namun dengan keterbatasan yang ada masih belum dilaksanakan sebagaimana mestinya.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan dan kualitas meliputi kevalidan, kepraktisan, keefektifan metode TPR berbantuan permainan tradisional dakon untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris. Pengembangan yang dilakukan terdapat pada langkah kegiatan pembelajaran dan pengonsepan pengetahuan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D dengan menggunakan model Four-D (define, design, develop, disseminate). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu validasi, observasi, angket, tes, dan dokumentasi. Uji pengembangan dilakukan dengan 10 siswa pada uji coba kelompok kecil di SDN Mojorejo IV Kecamatan Modo Lamongan, dan 17 siswa pada uji coba lapangan di SDN Mojorejo III Kecamatan Modo Lamongan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pengembangan metode TPR berbantuan permainan tradisional dakon untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris meliputi empat tahapan Four-D menghasilkan produk yang berkualitas. Kualitas kevalidan metode berdasarkan komponen materi sebesar 80%, perangkat pembelajaran sebesar 89%, dan media sebesar 100% dengan kategori sangat valid secara keseluruhan. Kualitas kepraktisan metode diperoleh berdasarkan observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 97% dan aktivitas siswa sebesar 91% dengan kategori sangat baik. Kualitas berdasarkan keefektifan diperoleh melalui angket siswa dan hasil tes. Hasil angket siswa pada setiap uji coba mencapai rata-rata 97% kategori sangat baik. Hasil pretest dan posttest dianalisis menggunakan T-test dengan tara signifikasi 5% dan analisis N-Gain. Uji coba kelompok kecil di SDN Mojorejo IV diperoleh t_hitung 10,625 (5%= 2,262< t_h = 10,625). Uji coba lapangan di SDN Mojorejo III diperoleh t_hitung 14,405 (5%= 2,119< t_h = 14,405). Selain itu diperoleh analisis N-Gain dengan hasil keduanya peningkatan sedang. Dengan demikian dapat diketahui metode TPR berbantuan permainan tradisional dakon berkualitas dan layak digunakan pada pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kosakata bahasa Inggris siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar.

Purwa, Thirsa Laules. 2021. The Development of Total Physical Response (TPR) Methods Assisted by Traditional Games Dakon to Improve English Vocabulary Mastery of IV Grade Student Elementary School, Thesis, Department of Basic Education, Graduate School, State University of Surabaya, Advistor (1) Prof. Dr. Setya Yuwana, M.A. and (2) Dr. Hendratno, M.Hum.

Keyword: TPR method, english vocabulary mastery

Learning through the TPR method is a learning activity that is specifically designed to teach foreign languages ​​consisting of speech and movement coordination. The foreign language chosen to be used in the study was English with a focus on vocabulary mastery. Based on the results of interviews with fourth grade teachers, students lack of interest and self-confidence in learning English is the basis for students vocabulary mastery is still low. Students are enthusiastic if in learning activities they are asked to actively contribute and present concrete objects, but with existing limitations it has not been implemented properly.

The purpose of this study was to describe the process of development and quality including the validity, practicality, effectiveness of the TPR method assisted by traditional games dakon to improve mastery of English vocabulary. The development carried out is in the steps of learning activities and conceptualization of knowledge. This research is an R&D research using the Four-D model (define, design, develop, disseminate). Data collection techniques used are validation, observation, questionnaires, tests, and documentation. The development test was carried out with 10 students in a small group trial at SDN Mojorejo IV, Modo Lamongan District, and 17 students in a field trial at SDN Mojorejo III, Modo Lamongan District.

The results showed that the process of developing the TPR method assisted traditional games dakon to improve English vocabulary mastery included four Four-D to produce quality products. The quality of the validity of the method based on the material components is 80%, the learning tool is 89%, and the media is 100% with a very valid category as a whole. The quality of the practicality of the method is obtained based on the observation of learning implementation by 97% and student activity by 91% with a very good category. Quality based on effectiveness is obtained through student questionnaires and test results. The results of student questionnaires in each trial reached an average of 97% in the very good category. The results of the pretest and posttest were analyzed using a T-test with a significance level of 5% and N-Gain analysis. The small group trial at SDN Mojorejo IV obtained tcount 10.625 (5% = 2.262 < th = 10.625). Field trials at SDN Mojorejo III obtained t count of 14,405 (5% = 2.119 < th = 14,405). In addition, N-Gain analysis was obtained with the results of both moderate increases. Thus, it can be seen that the TPR method assisted by traditional games dakon is good quality and is suitable for use in learning to improve English vocabulary mastery for fourth grade elementary school students.