PRINSIP KESOPANAN DALAM FILM ANIMASI STAND BY ME DORAEMON 2 KARYA RYUICHI YAGI DAN TAKASHI YAMAZAKI (Sebuah Tinjauan Pragmatik)

THE PRINCIPLE OF POLITENESS IN THE STAND BY ME DORAEMON 2 ANIMATION FILM BY RYUICHI YAGI AND TAKASHI YAMAZAKI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pematuhan dan pelanggaran maksim prinsip kesopanan dengan data yang digunakan adalah tuturan dalam film animasi Stand by Me Doraemon 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori prinsip kesopanan Leech (1993), yang mengemukakan dalam prinsip kesopanan terdapat enam maksim, yaitu maksim kearifan, maksim kedermawanan, maksim pujian, maksim kerendahan hati, maksim kesepakatan dan maksim pujian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan pematuhan maksim prinsip kesopanan sebanyak 11 data dan pelanggaran maksim prinsip kesopanan sebanyak 21 data. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan, ditemukan beberapa data yang unik dan dilakukan analisis lebih lanjut. Data unik tersebut merupakan dua data yang termasuk ke dalam jenis tindak tutur dan memiliki makna yang sama namun terklasifikasi ke dalam maksim yang berbeda. Data-data tersebut diantaranya adalah pada pematuhan maksim prinsip kesopanan ditemukan satu makna yaitu makna menyatakan terima kasih (data 31 dan data 32), sedangkan pada pelanggaran maksim prinsip kesopanan ditemukan tiga makna yaitu makna mengakui (data 16 dan data 17), makna mengkritik (data 9 dan data 14), dan makna menyalahkan (data 5 dan data 19).

Kata Kunci: prinsip kesopanan, pematuhan, pelanggaran.

Pragmatics is the study of meaning in relation to speech situations. The principle of politeness is one of several theories of pragmatic principles. This study aims to examine the observance and violation of the maxims of the principle of politeness with the data used is the speech in the animated film Stand by Me Doraemon 2. This study used Leech’s (1993) theory of the principle of politeness which includes 6 maxims: the maxim of generosity, the maxim of praise, the maxim of humility, the maxim of agreement and the maxim of praise. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The results of the study found that the maxim of politeness was obeyed by 11 datas and the violation of the maxim of politeness found about 21 datas. In the research conducted, some unique data were found and further analysis was carried out. These unique datas are two types of data that are included in the type of speech act and have the same meaning but are classified into different maxims. These datas include the obedience of the maxim of politeness principle, one meaning is found, namely the meaning of expressing gratitude (data 5 and data 6), while in violation of the maxim of politeness three meanings were found, namely the meaning of admitting (data 17 and data 20), the meaning of criticizing (data 11 and data 6), and the meaning of blame (data 21 and data 7).

Keywords: the principle of politeness, obedience, violation.