Pengembangan Media Augmented Reality Rumah Adat (ARRA) Terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Baca Tulis dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun

Development of augmented reality media for traditional houses (arra) on reading and writing literacy skills and critical thinking skills of children aged 5-6 years

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran Augmented Reality Rumah Adat (ARRA) guna meningkatkan kemampuan literasi baca tulis dan kemampuan berpikir kritis anak usia 5–6 tahun di TK Raden Mas Bojonegoro. Media ARRA dikembangkan sebagai solusi atas permasalahan pembelajaran yang masih bersifat konvensional dan kurang mampu memvisualisasikan materi rumah adat secara konkret, sehingga berdampak pada rendahnya keterlibatan anak, kemampuan literasi baca tulis, dan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), menghasilkan produk media AR berbasis flashcard rumah adat yang dilengkapi buku panduan penggunaan.

            Hasil validasi ahli menunjukkan bahwa media ARRA berada pada kategori sangat valid, dengan persentase kelayakan sebesar 90% pada aspek media dan 92% pada aspek materi. Uji kepraktisan melalui angket respon guru menunjukkan hasil sangat praktis dengan persentase sebesar 95%, yang menandakan media mudah digunakan dan sesuai dengan karakteristik pembelajaran anak usia dini. Pada uji keefektifan, hasil analisis independent sample t-test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pretest dan posttest.

            Hasil penelitian menegaskan bahwa media ARRA efektif dalam memfasilitasi aktivitas observasi visual, klasifikasi, eksplorasi objek 3D, serta pengenalan budaya rumah adat Indonesia yang berdampak positif terhadap peningkatan literasi baca tulis dan kemampuan berpikir kritis anak. Secara keseluruhan, media Augmented Reality Rumah Adat (ARRA) terbukti valid, praktis, dan efektif sebagai inovasi media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi yang mendukung pembelajaran bermakna dan penguatan budaya lokal pada pendidikan anak usia dini.

Kata Kunci: Augmented Reality, ARRA, Rumah Adat, Literasi Baca Tulis, Berpikir Kritis, ADDIE.

This study aims to develop Augmented Reality Rumah Adat (ARRA) learning media to enhance early literacy skills and critical thinking abilities of children aged 5–6 years at TK Raden Mas Bojonegoro. The ARRA media was developed in response to conventional learning practices that lack concrete visualization of traditional house materials, resulting in low student engagement, early literacy skills, and critical thinking abilities. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), producing an AR-based flashcard learning media supported by a user guidebook.

            Expert validation results indicated that the ARRA media was highly valid, with feasibility percentages of 90% for media aspects and 92% for material aspects. Practicality testing based on teacher responses showed a very practical category with a percentage of approximately 95%, indicating that the media is easy to use and suitable for early childhood learning characteristics. Effectiveness testing using an independent sample t-test revealed a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. The N-gain scores for early literacy skills were in the moderate to high category, while the N-gain scores for critical thinking skills also showed a significant improvement in the moderate category.

            These findings demonstrate that ARRA media effectively facilitates visual observation activities, classification, 3D object exploration, and cultural learning related to Indonesian traditional houses, which positively impact children’s early literacy and critical thinking development. Overall, the Augmented Reality Rumah Adat (ARRA) media is proven to be valid, practical, and effective as an innovative technology-based learning medium that supports meaningful learning and local cultural reinforcement in early childhood education.

Keywords: Augmented Reality, ARRA, Traditional Houses, Early Literacy, Critical Thinking, ADDIE.