Populasi kendaraan bermotor yang terus meningkat dapat mengakibatkan peningkatan kadar emisi gas buang. Penyumbang emisi gas buang terbesar berasal dari knalpot kendaraan bermotor. Di sisi lain, penggunaan kendaraan bermotor dapat menimbulkan dampak yang buruk bagi lingkungan, terutama gas buang yang dihasilkan dari sisa pembakaran. Gas-gas beracun dari jutaan knalpot setiap harinya menimbulkan masalah karena berdampak pada penurunan kualitas udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mereduksi emisi gas buang yang akan berdampak pada pengurangan pencemaran udara yang diakibatkan oleh gas buang kendaraan bermotor.

Metode penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental deskriptif kuantitatif dengan standar pengujian emisi gas buang berdasarkan SNI 19-7118.3-2005, dan pengujian performa mesin berdasarkan SAE J1349. Instrumen penelitian adalah tachometer, chassis dynamometer, thermocouple, thermo control, 4-in-1 multi function environment meter, exhaust gas analyzer, dan fuel meter. Analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dimana penelitian ini menggambarkan fenomena, baik yang bersifat alamiah ataupun rekayasa manusia.

Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan heater pada knalpot sepeda motor Yamaha New Vixion Lighting dapat mereduksi emisi gas buang CO dan HC, konsumsi bahan bakar, serta dapat meningkatkan torsi dan daya. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan tereduksinya emisi gas buang CO dan HC, konsumsi bahan bakar, serta dapat meningkatkan torsi dan daya pada sepeda motor Yamaha New Vixion Lighting. Dengan menggunakan knalpot eksperimen 1 heater dapat mereduksi emisi gas buang CO rata-rata sebesar 27,74%, emisi gas buang HC rata-rata sebesar 5,55%, konsumsi bahan bakar rata-rata sebesar 28,19%, meningkatkan torsi rata-rata sebesar 6,53%, dan meningkatkan daya rata-rata sebesar 3,85%. Sedangkan dengan menggunakan knalpot eksperimen 2 heater dapat mereduksi emisi gas buang CO rata-rata sebesar 35,02%, emisi gas buang HC rata-rata sebesar 16,31%, konsumsi bahan bakar rata-rata sebesar 42,91%, meningkatkan torsi rata-rata sebesar 10,13%, dan meningkatkan daya rata-rata sebesar 10,23%.

Kata kunci: Heater, knalpot, emisi gas buang, performa mesin.

An increasing population of motor vehicles can result in increased levels of exhaust emissions. The biggest contributor to exhaust emissions comes from motor vehicle exhaust. On the other hand, the use of motorized vehicles can have a negative impact on the environment, especially the exhaust gases that result from burning combustion. Toxic gases from millions of exhausts every day cause problems because it has an impact on decreasing air quality. This study aims to reduce exhaust emissions which will have an impact on reducing air pollution caused by motor vehicle exhaust gases.

This research is experimental with standard exhaust emission testing based on SNI 19-7118.3-2005, and engine performance testing based on SAE J1349. The research instruments were tachometer, chassis dynamometer, thermocouple, thermo control, 4-in-1 multi function environment meter, exhaust gas analyzer, and fuel meter. Data analysis techniques using quantitative descriptive methods where this study describes the phenomenon, both natural and human engineering.

The test results show that the use of a heater in a Yamaha New Vixion Lighting motorcycle exhaust can reduce CO and HC exhaust emissions, fuel consumption, and can increase torque and power. This is indicated by the reduction of CO and HC exhaust emissions, fuel consumption, and can increase torque and power on Yamaha New Vixion Lighting motorcycles. By using experimental exhaust 1 heater, it can reduce CO exhaust emissions by an average of 27.74%, HC exhaust emissions by an average of 5.55%, average fuel consumption by 28.19%, increasing average torque an average of 6.53%, and increase the average power of 3.85%. Whereas by using experimental exhaust 2 heater can reduce CO exhaust emissions by an average of 35.02%, HC exhaust emissions by an average of 16.31%, average fuel consumption by 42.91%, increasing average torque average of 10.13%, and increasing the average power of 10.23%.

Keyword:            Heater, muffler, exhaust emissions, engine performance.