Wujud Entar ing Cecandran sajrone Tindak Tutur Ilokusi ing Desa Tumpakrejo, Kecamatan Gedangan, Kabupaten Malang

Metaphor in the form of Cecandran in the Act of Speech Ilokusi in Tumpakrejo Village, Gedangan Subdistrict, Malang Regency

Abstrak

Tindak tutur ilokusi merupakan salah satu tindak tutur yang membutuhkan tanggapan berupa tuturan dari mitratutur. Tindak tutur ilokusi juga bisa diartikan sebagai salah satu tindak tutur yang mengandung maksud menyampaikan makna tertentu terhadap mitratutur. Tindak tutur ilokusi yang berkembang di masyarakat sering diucapkan dengan menggunakan unsur cecandran supaya tuturan tersebut bisa terlihat lebih indah. Wujud entar berupa cecandran dalam tindak tutur ilokusi yang terjadi di Desa Tumpakrejo, Kecamatan Gedangan, Kabupaten Malang akan menjadi topik pembahasan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam jenis penlitian deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini akan digunakan teori pragmatik untuk mempelajari segala konteks yang ada diluar bahasa juga maksud tuturan yang ada di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan wujud, tujuan, serta konteks tindak tutur ilokusi yang memuat unsur cecandran.. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini, yaitu percakapan yang terjadi di masyarakat Desa Tumpakrejo, Kecamatan Gedangan, Kabupaten Malang. Data hasil penelitian merupakan percakapan yang termasuk kedalam jenis tindak tutur ilokusi dan mengandung adanya unsur cecandran. Untuk mengumpulkan data tersebut peneliti menggunakan teknik simak dan catat, kemudian data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan model analisis Miles and Huberman.Dalam Penelitian ini akan dijelaskan dengan lebih rinci tentang 12 jenis wujud cecandran dalam tindak tutur ilokusi. Wujud cecandran dalam tindak tutur ilokusi paling banyak ditemukan pada tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif memuji karena dengan menggunakan unsur cecandran akan menjadikan tindak tutur memuji terlihat lebih indah, jelas, dan akan memberikan gambaran tentang apa yang sedang diperumpakan tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini juga dijelaskan beberapa tujuan dari tindak tutur ilokusi tersebut, diantaranya (1) tujuan tindak tutur ilokusi convivial/menyenangkan menyapa, (2) tujuan tindak tutur ilokusi collaborative/kerjasama menjelaskan. Selain itu juga dijelaskan tentang empat konteks tindak tutur ilokusi, diantaranya (1) konteks kotekstual tempat, (2) konteks eksistensial waktu, (3) konteks aksional cemberut dan tertawa, (4) konteks psikologis marah.

Kata penting: Ilokusi, cecandran, konteks tutur, tujuan tindak tutur.

Abstract

The act of speech is one of the speech actions that require a response in the form of speech from the speech partner. The act of speech ilokusi can also be interpreted as one of the speech actions that contain the intention of conveying certain meanings to the partner. The act of ilokusi speech that develops in the community is often spoken by using cecandran elements so that the speech can look more beautiful. The form of entar in the form of cecandran in the act of ilokusi speech that occurred in Tumpakrejo Village, Gedangan Subdistrict, Malang Regency will be a topic of discussion in this study. This research is included in the type of qualitative descriptive research. In this study will be used pragmatic theory to study all contexts that exist outside the language as well as the meaning of speech in the community. This research aims to explain the form, purpose, and context of the speech act of ilokusi which contains elements of cecandran. The source of the data in this study, namely conversations that took place in the community of Tumpakrejo Village, Gedangan Subdistrict, Malang Regency. The data of the study results is a conversation that belongs to the type of speech act of ilokusi and contains the presence of cecandran elements. To collect the data, researchers use the technique of listening and recording, then the data is analyzed using the Miles and Huberman analysis model.In this study will explain in more detail about 12 types of cecandran forms in the speech act of ilokusi. The form of cecandran in the act of speech ilokusi most found in the act of expressive ilokusi praise because by using the element of cecandran will make the act of praise look more beautiful, clear, and will give an idea of what is being announced. In this study also explained some of the purposes of the ilokusi speech act, including (1) the purpose of the convivial /pleasant speech speech, (2) the purpose of collaborative ilokusi speech / cooperation explained. In addition, the researchers also explained about four contexts of speech speech, including (1) the contextual context of the place, (2) the existential context of time, (3) the axial context of frowning and laughing, (4) the psychological context of anger.

Important words: Ilokusi, cecandran, speech context, speech goals.