Intan Fachrudina Maslakhah. 2024. Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Fisika Menggunakan Model Inkuiri Berbantun Website untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis. Tesis, Program Studi S2 Pendidikan Sains, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pembimbing: (I) Prof. Budi Jatmiko, M. Pd. dan (II) Dr. I Gusti Made Sanjaya, M.Si.

Kata Kunci: inkuiri terbimbing, media pembelajaran website, keterampilan berpikir kritis

Tujuan penelitian ini menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran fisika dengan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan website untuk menigkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yang layak untuk mendukung pembelajaran fisika pada materi usaha dan energi ditinjau dari validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4D. Desain uji coba yang digunakan one group pre-test post-test design. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan validasi, observasi, tes, dan kuesioner dengan menggunakan dua sekolah, masing-masing di tiga kelas penelitian. Teknik analisis data menggunakan percentage of agreement, Uji-t Berpasangan, Uji-t Independent, perhitungan N-gain, dan Uji Anova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran fisika menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantun website telah layak digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai validitas perangkat pembelajaran fisika dengan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan website meliputi modul ajar pada nilai modus sebesar 5 dengan kategori sangat valid dan persentase kesepahaman antar validator sebesar 88,89–100%, LKPD sebesar nilai modus sebesar 5 dengan kategori sangat

valid dan persentase kesepahaman antar validator sebesar 88,89–100%, instrumen tes berpikir kritis dengan nilai modus sebesar 5 dengan kategori sangat valid dan persentase kesepahaman antar validator sebesar 88,89–100%. Hasil penilaian validitas perangkat secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran fisika dengan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan website memiliki kategori valid. Selanjutnya dengan kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran fisika dengan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan website yang meliputi keterlaksanaan modul ajar sebesar 97% dengan kategori terlaksana sangat baik, aktivitas peserta didik sebesar 96% dengan kategori sangat baik. Dan untuk keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran  fisika dengan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan website yang meliputi Peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis secara statistic alpha 5%, rerata N-gain sebesar 0,66 dengan kategori sedang, rerata N-gain tidak ada perbedaan pada ketiga kelas di dua sekolah, respons peserta didik sebesar 87% dengan kategori sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran fisika menggunakan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan website yang dikembangkan layak digunakan pada pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik.

Intan Fachrudina Maslakhah. 2024. Development of Physics Learning Tools Using Guided Inquiry Model Assisted by Website to Improve Critical Thinking Skills. Thesis, Master Program of Science Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya. Supervisor: (I) Prof. Budi Jatmiko, M. Pd. and (II) Dr. I Gusti Made Sanjaya, M.Si.

Keywords: guided inquiry, website learning media, critical thinking skills

The purpose of this research is to produce physics learning tools with guided inquiry models assisted by websites to improve students' critical thinking skills that are feasible to support physics learning on effort and energy material in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. This research uses the 4D development model. The trial design used was one group pre-test post-test design. Data collection was carried out using validation, observation, tests, and questionnaires using two schools, each in three research classes. Data analysis techniques used percentage of agreement, paired t-test, independent t-test, N-gain calculation, and Anova test. The results showed that physics learning tools using guided inquiry models assisted by websites were feasible to use to improve students' critical thinking skills. This is indicated by the validity value of physics learning devices with website-assisted guided inquiry models including teaching modules at a mode value of 5 with a very valid category and a percentage of agreement between validators of 88.89-100%, LKPD at a mode value of 5 with a very valid category and a percentage of agreement between validators of 88.89-100%. Valid and the percentage of agreement between validators was 88.89-100%, the critical thinking test instrument with a mode value of 5 with a very valid category and the percentage of agreement between

Validators was 88.89-100%. The results of the overall device validity assessment show that physics learning devices with guided inquiry models assisted by websites have a valid category. Furthermore, with the practicality of physics learning devices with guided inquiry models assisted by websites which include the implementation of teaching modules at 97% with a very well implemented category, student activity at 96% with a very good category. And for the effectiveness of physics learning devices with a guided inquiry model aided by a website which includes an increase in critical thinking skills statistically alpha 5%, the N-gain average is 0.66 with a moderate category, the N-gain average is no difference in the three classes in two schools, the response of students is 87% with a very good category. It can be concluded that physics learning tools using guided inquiry models assisted by websites developed are feasible to use in learning to improve students' critical thinking skills.