Keanekaragaman Jenis-jenis Tumbuhan Akumulator Kadmium (Cd) di Sungai Sudimoro Mojokerto

Diversity of Plant Types of Cadmium Accumulato (Cd) in the Sudimoro Mojokerto River

Sungai Sudimoro adalah salah satu sungai yang mengalir di wilayah Mojokerto. Di wilayah sepanjang sungai ini terdapat berbagai aktivitas seperti kegiatan industri, pemukiman, dan pertanian. Berbagai aktivitas ini setiap hari mengeluarkan limbah ke dalam Sungai Sudimoro, sehingga kualitas air perairan tersebut menurun. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi tentang keanekaragaman tumbuhan akuatik yang toleran terhadap logam berat Cd di Sungai Sudimoro Mojokerto. Penentuan stasiun penelitian dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling, dengan membagi 3 stasiun pengamatan. Parameter yang digunakan adalah indeks nilai penting, indeks keanekaragaman, kadar Cd pada air sungai, kadar Cd pada tumbuhan, kadar klorofil, dan pengukuran faktor fisik dan kimia perairan.  Uji logam berat  Cd menggunakan metode Spectrophotometry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 5 jenis tumbuhan akuatik, yaitu Eicchornia crassipes, Ipomoea aquatica, Althernanthera philoxeroides, Persicaria amphibia, Lemna minor. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan di Sungai Sudimoro Mojokerto berkisar antara 0.98 sampai 0.602, menurut perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman tersebut tergolong rendah dengan indeks keanekaragaman kurang dari 1. Tumbuhan akuatik yang mendominasi di Sungai Sudimoro adalah E. crassipes karena terdapat pada seluruh stasiun pengamatan. Rerata kadar logam berat Cd tertinggi di stasiun 2 sebesar 0.04 ppm yang berada diwilayah industri.

The Sudimoro River is one of the rivers that flows in the Mojokerto area. In this area along the river, there are various activities such as industrial, residential and agricultural activities. These various activities every day release waste into the Sudimoro River, so that the water quality of the waters decreases. The purpose of this study was to explore the diversity of aquatic plants that are tolerant of the heavy metal Cd in the Sudimoro Mojokerto River. The research station was determined by using purposive sampling method, dividing 3 observation stations. The parameters used were important value index, diversity index, Cd content in river water, Cd content in plants, chlorophyll content, and measurement of physical and chemical factors in water. The Cd heavy metal test used the Spectrophotometry method. The results showed that there were 5 types of aquatic plants, namely Eicchornia crassipes, Ipomoea aquatica, Althernanthera philoxeroides, Persicaria amphibia, Lemna minor. Diversity in the Sudimoro Mojokerto River ranges from 0.98 to 0.602, according to the calculation of the diversity index is low with the diversity index of less than 1. The aquatic plant that dominates the Sudimoro River is E. crassipes because it is found in all observation stations. The average of the highest Cd heavy metal content at station 2 is 0.04 ppm in industrial areas.