Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.) terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin dan Histopatologi Hepar Mencit Diabetes

Effect of Noni Leaf Extract (Morinda Citrifolia L.) on Hemoglobin Levels and Liver Histopathology of Diabetic Mice

Diebetes melitus dapat menyebabkan eritrosit lisis sebelum waktunya, akibatnya terjadi kenaikan stres oksidatif yang dapat menurunkan kadar hemoglobin dan mengakibatkan kerusakan hepar. Daun mengkudu memiliki senyawa aktif flavonoid berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dan antidiabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak daun mengkudu terhadap kadar hemoglobin dan histopatologi hepar mencit hasil induksi aloksan 130 mg/kgBB. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Dua puluh empat ekor mencit jantan dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan yaitu D1 (250 mg/kgBB), D2 (500 mg/kgBB), D3 (750 mg/kgBB), Glibenklamid, Kontrol Positif, dan Kontrol Normal dengan 4 pengulangan selama 14 hari. Preparat hepar dibuat dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE) dan diamati 5 lapang pandang. Data kadar hemoglobin dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA, dilanjutkan uji Duncan. Data skor preparat hepar dianalisis uji Kruskal-Wallis, dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil analisis uji statistik menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kadar hemoglobin setelah 14 hari perlakuan (P<0,05). Preparat histopatologi hepar juga menunjukkan perbedaan nyata dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol positif dan dosis 3 (P<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun mengkudu dapat mempengaruhi kadar hemoglobin dan histopatologi hepar mencit diabetes dengan dosis optimum D1 (250 mg/kgBB).

Kata kunci: daun mengkudu; diabetes;hemoglobin;histopatologi;hepar

Diabetes mellitus can cause premature lysis of erythrocytes, resulting in an increase of oxidative stress that can reduce hemoglobin levels and cause liver damage. Noni leaves contain flavonoid that has potential as antioxidants and antidiabetics. This study aimed to determine the effect of noni leaf extract on hemoglobin levels and liver histopathology of mice induced by alloxan 130 mg/kg BW. This experimental study used a completely randomized design (CRD). Twenty-four male mice were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely D1 (250 mg/kg BW), D2 (500 mg/kg BW), D3 (750 mg/kg BW), Glibenclamide, Positive Control, and Normal Control, with 4 repetitions for 14 days. Liver slides were made with Hematoxin-Eosin (HE) staining. Observed for 5 visual fields. Data of hemoglobin levels were analyzed by ANOVA test, followed by Duncan's test. The score data of the liver preparations were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Mann-Whitney test. The statistical analysis showed a significant effect on hemoglobin levels after 14 days of treatment (P<0.05). Liver histopathological preparations also showed significant differences compared to the positive control group and dose 3 (P<0.05). Based on the results study,  it can be concluded that noni leaf extract affect hemoglobin levels and liver histopathology of diabetic mice with the optimum dose of D1 (250 mg/kg BW).
Key words: noni leaves; diabetes; hemoglobin; histopathilogy; liver