KAJIAN ANALITIS POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DALAM KETERAMPILAN TOILET TRAINING ANAK TUNAGRAHITA SEDANG

ANALYTICAL STUDY OF PARENTING PATTERNS IN TOILET TRAINING SKILLS OF CHILDREN OF MEDIUM INTELLIGENCE

    Anak tunagrahita sedang kurang mampu beradaptasi dalam perkembangan, sehingga perlu bantuan orang tua dalam aktivitas toilet training. Tujuan kajian ini mendeskripsikan analisis pola asuh orang tua dalam keterampilan toilet training anak tunagrahita sedang. Kajian analitis ini menggunakan literature review, dengan sumber data 13 artikel, dari jurnal terakreditasi SINTA, dan chapter buku, diakses melalui google scholar, science direct, dan TRID. Teknik analisis data diperoleh dari kajian literatur yang disusun sebagai acuan analisis variable dalam indikator penelitian. Hasil kajian analitis menunjukkan pola asuh democratic dengan cara memahami kebutuhan primer toilet training tunagrahita, membimbing tunagrahita melakukan keterampilan toilet training dari melepas celana sendiri, melakukan BAK (Buang Air Kecil) pada tempatnya, dan membedakan toilet dengan kamar tidur. Selanjutnya pembiasaan aktivitas pola asuh democratic, menunjang tunagrahita melakukan keterampilan toilet training dengan benar sesuai bimbingan orang tua. Simpulan penelitian ini bahwa pola asuh democratic mendorong anak dapat melepas celana sendiri, menyiram sisa BAB (Buang Air Besar) dan BAK (Buang Air Kecil), memakai celana kembali, menutup pintu serta dapat membedakan mana toilet dan kamar tidur berdasarkan fungsinya.

Kata Kunci: Pola Asuh Democratic, Toilet Training, Tunagrahita Sedang.

    Children with mental retardation are less able to adapt in development, so they need parental help in toilet training activities. The purpose of this study is to describe the analysis of parenting patterns in toilet training skills for moderately mentally retarded children. This analytical study uses a literature review, with data sources of 13 articles, from SINTA accredited journals, and book chapters, accessed through Google Scholar, Science Direct, and TRID. The data analysis technique was obtained from a literature review which was compiled as a reference for variable analysis in research indicators. The results of the analytical study show democratic parenting by understanding the primary needs of mentally retarded toilet training, guiding mentally retarded children to do toilet training skills from taking off their own pants, performing urination in the right place, and distinguishing between toilets and bedrooms. Furthermore, the habituation of democratic parenting activities, supports mental retardation in doing toilet training skills correctly according to parental guidance. The conclusion of this research is that democratic parenting encourages children to take off their own pants, flush the rest of their defecation and urination, put their pants back on, close the door and be able to tell the difference between a toilet and a bedroom based on their function.

Keywords: Democratic Parenting, Toilet Training, Moderate Mental Retardation