PERBANDINGAN BIODIVERSITAS PLANKTON DAN KADAR LOGAM BERAT CU DI PERAIRAN MANGROVE DAN MUARA TAMBAK WEDI SURABAYA

COMPARISON OF PLANKTON BIODIVERSITY AND CU HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN MANGROVE WATERS AND TAMBAK WEDI ESTUARY SURABAYA

    Perairan Mangrove Tambak Wedi merupakan aliran dari Muara Tambak Wedi Surabaya yang berpotensi tercemar logam berat Cu oleh limbah dari kawasan Kota Surabaya. Plankton dapat dijadikan indikator kualitas perairan yang digambarkan melalui indeks keanekaragaman plankton. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbandingan kualitas perairan antara Perairan Mangrove dan Muara Tambak Wedi Surabaya berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman plankton dan kadar logam berat Cu. Pengambilan sampel air pada kedua lokasi masing-masing dilakukan sebanyak 5 stasiun. Parameter fisika-kimia diukur secara in-situ. Identifikasi plankton dilakukan di Laboratorium Ekologi, Program Studi Biologi, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Pengujian kadar logam berat Cu dilakukan di Laboratorium Gizi, Universitas Airlangga. Perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman plankton menggunakan rumus Shannon-Wiener. Hasil perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman plankton, parameter fisika-kimia, dan pengujian kadar logam berat Cu dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar baku mutu PPRI No. 22 Tahun 2021. Perbandingan kualitas perairan kedua lokasi dianalisis menggunakan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan plankton yang mendominasi pada kedua perairan adalah Oscillatoria sp. termasuk dalam kelas Cyanophyceae. Indeks keanekaragaman plankton di Perairan Mangrove berkisar 1,10-1,21 dan 1,02-1,59 di Muara. Nilai tersebut kategori keanekaragaman sedang dan perairan tercemar sedang. Kadar logam berat Cu di Perairan Mangrove berkisar 0,011-0,015 dan 0,001-0,003 di Muara. Kedua perairan tercemar logam berat Cu.

Kata kunci: Perairan Tambak Wedi Surabaya; pencemaran; indeks Shannon- Wiener; logam berat Cu

The waters of the Tambak Wedi Mangrove are a stream from the Tambak Wedi Estuary in Surabaya which has the potential to be contaminated with the heavy metal Cu by waste from the Surabaya City area. Plankton can be used as an indicator of water quality which is described through the plankton diversity index. This research aims to analyze the comparison of water quality between Mangrove Waters and Muara Tambak Wedi Surabaya based on the plankton diversity index and levels of the heavy metal Cu. Water samples were taken at each of the two locations which is 5 stations. Physico-chemical parameters were measured in-situ. Plankton identification was carried out at the Ecology Laboratory, Biology Study Program, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Testing for Cu heavy metal levels was carried out at the Nutrition Laboratory, Airlangga University. Calculation of the plankton diversity index uses the Shannon-Wiener formula. The results of the calculation of the plankton diversity index, physico-chemical parameters, and testing of the heavy metal Cu content were analyzed descriptively quantitatively and qualitatively and then compared with the PPRI quality standard No. 22 of 2021. Comparison of the water quality of the two locations was analyzed using the T test. The results showed that the plankton that dominates in both waters is Oscillatoria sp. included in the class Cyanophyceae. The plankton diversity index in mangrove waters ranges from 1.10-1.21 and 1.02-1.59 in estuary. This value is included moderate diversity and moderately category polluted waters. Cu heavy metal levels in mangrove waters range from 0.011-0.015 and 0.001-0.003 in Estuary. Both waters are contaminated with the heavy metal Cu.

Key words: Tambak Wedi Surabaya waters; pollution; Shannon-Wiener index; heavy metal Cu