TRADHISI NYEKAR ING PESAREYAN RADEN SANTRI SAYYID ALI MURTADLO ING KELURAHAN BEDILAN KECAMATAN GRESIK KABUPATEN GRESIK (TINTINGAN FOLKLOR SETENGAH LESAN)

THE NYEKAR TRADITION AT THE TOMB OF RADEN SANTRI SAYYID ALI MURTADLO IN BEDILAN VILLAGE, GRESIK SUB-DISTRICT, GRESIK REGENCY (A SEMI-ORAL FOLKLORE PERSPECTIVE)

Tradisi Nyekar di Makam Raden Santri Sayyid Ali Murtadlo dilaksanakan sebagai wujud rasa syukur kepada Allah SWT serta sebagai sarana memanjatkan doa agar masarakat Kelurahan Bedilan senantiasa diberi berkah dan keselamatan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Tradisi ini juga merupakan bentuk penghormatan kepada leluhur dan tokoh agama yang diyakini memiliki jasa besar dalam perkembangan agama dan budaya di wilayah Gresik. Penelitian mengenai tradisi Nyekar ini mencakup kajian tentang asal-usul tradisi, tata laku, ubarampe dan maknanya, fungsi tradisi, perubahan, kepercayaan dalam tradisi, serta upaya pelestariannya. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengungkap dan menjelaskan praktik Nyekar di Makam Raden Santri dengan menggunakan tinjauan folklor setengah lisan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan memanfaatkan sumber data primer dan sekunder melalui teknik observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.

Tata laku tradisi Nyekar terbagi menjadi tiga, yaitu: (1) tahap persiapan yang meliputi kegiatan kerja bakti membersihkan makam, koordinasi keamanan, pengumpulan sumbangan, serta menyiapkan bunga dan perlengkapan lain; (2) tahap pelaksanaan yang meliputi sarasehan, acara inti nyekar di makam Raden Santri Sayyid Ali Murtadlo, tahlilan dan khataman putri, tahlilan dan khataman putra, tahlilan untuk anak-anak, serta majelis dzikir Maulidur Rasul; dan (3) tahap penutup yang meliputi pembersihan ubarampe setelah acara selesai serta evaluasi kepanitiaan. Perlengkapan yang digunakan dalam tradisi ini antara lain bunga sekar dan makanan slametan atau berkat. Tradisi Nyekar memiliki berbagai fungsi, antara lain fungsi sosial, religi, ekonomi, pelestarian budaya, dan fungsi sebagai sistem proyeksi masarakat. Perubahan dalam tradisi ini tampak dari penggunaan ubarampe dan tata laku yang semakin sederhana sebagai bentuk penyesuaian terhadap perkembangan zaman.Dalam TNIPRSSAM terdapat beberapa bentuk kepercayaan, di antaranya kepercayaan yang ngrembaka di masarakat, kepercayaan terhadap roh leluhur, serta kepercayaan terhadap tanda-tanda atau peristiwa alam. Upaya pelestarian tradisi ini didukung oleh masarakat, pemerintah kelurahan, lembaga pendidikan, serta melalui media sosial agar generasi muda tetap memahami dan melestarikan warisan budaya yang ada di lingkungan mereka.

Kata Kunci: Deskriptif Kualitatif, Folklor Setengah Lisan, TNIPRSSAM.

The Nyekar tradition at the tomb of Raden Santri Sayyid Ali Murtadlo is carried out as an expression of gratitude to Allah SWT and as a medium for offering prayers so that the people of Bedilan Village may continuously receive blessings and safety in various aspects of life. This tradition also serves as a form of respect for ancestors and religious figures who are believed to have contributed greatly to the development of religion and culture in the Gresik region. This research on the Nyekar tradition includes discussions on the origin of the tradition, its procedures, ritual offerings and their meanings, the functions of the tradition, changes, the belief system within the tradition, and efforts to preserve it. The purpose of this study is to describe and explain the Nyekar practice at the tomb of Raden Santri using a semi-oral folklore perspective.The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing primary and secondary data sources through field observation, interviews, and documentation.

The procedures of the Nyekar tradition are divided into three stages, namely: (1) the preparation stage, which includes communal work to clean the tomb area, security coordination, collecting donations, and preparing flowers and other ritual items; (2) the implementation stage, which includes a community gathering (sarasehan), the main ceremony of Nyekar at the tomb of Raden Santri Sayyid Ali Murtadlo, tahlil and khataman for women, tahlil and khataman for men, tahlil specifically for children, and a dhikr assembly commemorating the Prophet’s birth; and (3) the closing stage, which consists of cleaning up after the ceremony and conducting committee evaluation. The ritual items used in this tradition include sekar flowers and foods for the slametan or berkat.The Nyekar tradition has various functions, including social, religious, economic, cultural preservation functions, and its role as a projection system for the community. Changes in the tradition can be seen in the ritual items and procedures, which have become simpler in response to the development of modern times. Within the TNIPRSSAM framework, several beliefs are found, including community beliefs, beliefs related to ancestral spirits, and beliefs regarding natural signs or phenomena. Efforts to preserve this tradition are supported by the community, the village government, educational institutions, and also through social media to ensure that the younger generation continues to understand and maintain the cultural heritage in their surroundings.

1. Keywords: Qualitative Descriptive, Semi-Oral Folklore, TNIPRSSAM.