SUMBANGAN USAHA PETERNAK SAPI PERAH TERHADAP TINGKAT PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA DI KECAMATAN WONOSALAM KABUPATEN JOMBANG
DONATION OF DAIRY FARMERS AGAINST HOUSEHOLD INCOME LEVEL IN WONOSALAM SUBDISTRICT JOMBANG REGENCY
Penelitian mengkaji distribusi pemasaran hasil produksi susu sapi di Kecamatan Wonosalam meliputi kemampuan penjualan. Peneliti ingin mengkaji tingkat pendapatan penduduk di Kecamatan Wonosalam yang meliputi jumlah kepemilikan sapi perah, produksi susu sapi perah, dan pendapatan yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) Jangkauan pemasaran hasil produksi ternak sapi perah di Kecamatan Wonosalam, 2) Besar sumbangan pendapatan peternak sapi perah terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga peternak sapi perah di Kecamatan Wonosalam.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey. Populasi penelitian ini yakni 924 peternak sapi perah. Sampel di ambil menggunakan metode proportional sampling. Peneliti mengambil sampel 91 peternak sapi perah. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan cara deskriptif kuantitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daerah jangkauan pemasaran hasil produksi usaha ternak sapi perah menjangkau sampai luar Kecamatan dan luar Kabupaten. Cara pemasaran peternak sapi perah dilakukan secara tidak langsung yakni dengan cara diambil KUD (68,11%), diambil pengepul (3,29%), diambil BumDes Lohjinawi (25,55%) dan diambil KPUB (3,29%). Biaya pemeliharaan dan operasional peternak sapi perah kurang dari Rp. 50.000,00 ada 34 peternak (37,36%), biaya pemeliharaan dan operasional antara Rp. 50.000,00 – Rp. 100.000,00 yaitu 33 peternak (36,26%), yang lebih dari Rp. 100.000,00 ada 24 peternak (26,38). Sumbangan usaha peternak sapi perah terhadap tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga rata-rata perhari adalah Rp. 219.881 per hari, jika dihitung perbulan menjadi Rp. 6.596.430. Pendapatan pokok penduduk per harinya adalah Rp. 60.919, apabila dikaitkan dengan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK) Kabupaten Jombang tahun 2020 yakni sebesar Rp. 2.654.095,87. Peternak sudah memenuhi standar UMK Kabupaten Jombang untuk mencukupi kebutuhan sehari-hari.
Kata kunci: sumbangan usaha, peternak sapi, tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga.
The study examines the marketing distribution of cow milk production in Wonosalam subdistrict covering sales capability. Researchers want to assess the income level of residents in Wonosalam subdistrict which includes the amount of ownership of dairy cattle, production of dairy cows, and revenues received. This research aims to know 1) The marketing range of dairy cattle production in Wonosalam sub-district, 2) Big donation of dairy farmers ' income to the household income of dairy farmers in Wonosalam subdistrict.
This research is a research survey. The population of this research is 924 dairy farmers. Samples are taken using the proportional sampling method. Researchers took samples of 91 dairy farmers. Methods of collecting data through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis in a quantitative descriptive way.
The results of the research show the area of marketing range of dairy cattle enterprises reaching out to the districts and outside districts. The way of marketing dairy farmers is done indirectly by means of the KUD (68.11%), taken by a pincher (3.29%), taken BumDes Lohjinawi (25.55%) and taken KPUB (3.29%). The maintenance and operational cost of dairy farmers is less than Rp. 50,000.00 There are 34 breeders (37.36%), maintenance and operational costs between Rp. 50,000.00 – Rp. 100,000.00 which is 33 breeder (36.26%), which is more than Rp. 100,000.00 There are 24 farmers (26.38). The contribution of the dairy farmer's business to the average household income level of the day is Rp. 219,881 a day, if calculated monthly to Rp. 6,596,430. The income of the principal population per day is Rp. 60,919, when associated with the Regency/City Minimum wage (UMK) of Jombang Regency in 2020 is Rp. 2,654,095.87. Farmers already meet the UMK standard in Jombang district to meet daily needs.
Keywords: business contributions, cattle ranchers, household income levels.