Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berorientasi Problem Based Learning Materi Ekosistem untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas X SMA

Kurikulum merdeka belajar memuat suatu profil pelajar pancasila yang memiliki enam dimensi pembelajaran, yaitu peserta didik harus mempunyai keterampilan berpikir kritis. Keterampilan berpikir kritis bisa dikembangkan dengan penggunaan perangkat belajar yang menunjang. LKPD yang mampu menunjang proses belajar adalah LKPD berorientasi Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan dihasilkannya LKPD berorientasi PBL materi ekosistem untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation) tanpa menggunakan tahapan implementation dan evaluation. LKPD diuji cobakan pada 36 siswa kelas X-G MAN 1 Lamongan. Parameter penelitian yang diukur yaitu validitas LKPD ditinjau dari isi, bahasa, dan penyajian. Kepraktisan LKPD ditinjau melalui keterlaksanaan LKPD dan respon peserta didik. Keefektifan LKPD ditinjau melalui ketercapaian keterampilan berpikir kritis. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu lembar validasi, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan, lembar angket respon, dan lembar tes. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu metode validasi, metode observasi, metode angket, dan metode tes. Data dianalisis melalui deskripsi kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh validitas LKPD 100% (sangat valid), kepraktisan LKPD berdasarkan keterlaksanaan LKPD 98,59% (sangat baik) dan respon peserta didik sebesar 97,91% (sangat positif), keefektifan LKPD melalui ketercapaian indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis interpretasi 93,98%, analisis 96,76%, eksplanasi 97,22%, inferensi 82,4%, evaluasi 99,07%, regulasi diri 96,76%, dan keseluruhan 94,36% pada kriteria sangat baik. Dengan demikian, LKPD berorientasi PBL dinilai valid, praktis, dan efektif sehingga layak dipergunakan pada proses pembelajaran.

Kata Kunci: LKPD, problem based learning, ekosistem, berpikir kritis

The independent learning curriculum contains a Pancasila student profile with six learning dimensions: students must have critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills can be developed by using supportive learning tools. LKPD can support the learning process through LKPD-oriented Problem-Based Learning. This research aims to produce PBL-oriented LKPD with ecosystem material to train critical thinking skills that are valid, practical, and effective. This research uses the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) without using the implementation and evaluation stages. The LKPD was tested on 36 students in class X-G MAN 1 Lamongan. The research parameters measured the validity of LKPD in content, language, and presentation. The practicality of LKPD is reviewed by implementing LKPD and student responses. The effectiveness of LKPD is examined through the achievement of critical thinking skills. The research instruments used validation sheets, implementation observation sheets, response questionnaire sheets, and test sheets. Data collection methods are validation, observation, questionnaire, and test. Data is analyzed through quantitative description. Based on the research results, it was obtained that the validity of LKPD was 100% (very valid), the practicality of LKPD based on the implementation of LKPD was 98.59% (very good), and the student response was 97.91% (very positive), the effectiveness of LKPD was through the achievement of critical thinking skills indicators of interpretation 93.98%, analysis 96.76%, explanation 97.22%, inference 82.4%, evaluation 99.07%, self-regulation 96.76%, and overall 94.36% in very good criteria. Thus, PBL-oriented LKPD is considered valid, practical, and effective for use in the learning process.

Keywords: LKPD, problem based learning, ecosystem, critical thinking