STUDI KUALITATIF FAKTOR KEBERHASILAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF BAGI IBU PEKERJA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BRAMBANG KABUPATEN JOMBANG 

QUALITATIVE STUDY OF SUCCESS FACTORS OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING FOR WORKING MOTHERS IN THE WORKING AREA OF BRAMBANG PUSKESMAS, JOMBANG DISTRICT

Bekerja merupakan suatu tantangan tersendiri dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif. Ibu yang bekerja sulit untuk memberikan ASI eksklusif karena mengalami kendala yang tidak dapat diatasi dan manajemen laktasi yang buruk. Agar berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif dibutuhkan berbagai upaya dari ibu pekerja serta dukungan lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi faktor keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif bagi ibu pekerja diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Brambang Kabupaten Jombang. Metode yang digunakan adalah  deskriptif kualitatif dimana data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam. Informan diambil secara purposive sampling yang berjumlah 5 orang. Kriteria inklusi informan adalah ibu yang bekerja dari rumah (WFH) atau ibu yang bekerja dari kantor (WFO), berhasil memberikan ASI eksklusif, memiliki anak usia 624 bulan dan bersedia menjadi informan penelitian. Triangulasi data dilakukan dengan mewawancarai suami, saudara, dan tenaga kesehatan. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa hasil rekaman wawancara dan catatan lapangan yang dianalisis melalui teknik Collaizi. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi 4 faktor keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif bagi ibu pekerja yaitu: 1) Pengetahuan dan pemahaman pentingnya ASI ekslusif, 2) Adanya intensi menyusui 3) Kemampuan dalam manajemen laktasi, 4) Dukungan selama memberikan ASI Eksklusif. Diperlukan penelitian selanjunya dengan penambahan penggunaan metode diskusi kelompok terarah dalam pengambilan data dan melakukan lebih banyak mengambil data melalui informan pendukung seperti lingkungan kerja untuk memperkuat triangulasi data.   

Kata kunci : ASI Eksklusif, Faktor Keberhasilan, Ibu Pekerja, Work From Home, Work From Office. 

Work is a challenge in exclusive breastfeeding. Working mothers find it difficult to provide exclusive breastfeeding because they experience insurmountable obstacles and poor lactation management. To be successful in giving exclusive breastfeeding requires various efforts from working mothers and the support of the surrounding environment. This study aims to explore the success factors of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers in the working area of the Brambang Health Center, Jombang Regency. The method used is a qualitative descriptive where data is obtained through in-depth interviews. Informants were taken by purposive sampling, amounting to 5 people. Informant inclusion criteria were mothers who worked from home (WFH) or mothers who worked from an office (WFO), succeeded in giving exclusive breastfeeding, had children aged 6-24 months and were willing to become research informants. Data triangulation was carried out by interviewing husbands, relatives and health workers. The data collected was in the form of recorded interviews and field notes which were analyzed using the Collaizi technique. This study identified 4 successful factors for exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers, namely: 1) Knowledge and understanding of the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, 2) There is an intention to breastfeed, 3) Ability in lactation management, 4) Support during exclusive breastfeeding. Further research is needed with the addition of using the focus group discussion method in data collection and carrying out more data collection through supporting informants such as the work environment to strengthen data triangulation. 

Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Success Factors, Working Mothers, Work From Home, Work From Office.