KALIMAT IMPERATIF DALAM DRAMA COOL BOYS ONLY HIGH EPISODE 1 - 2 KARYA AKIHIRO KARAKI
IMPERATIVE SENTENCES IN COOL BOYS ONLY HIGH DRAMA EPISODE 1 - 2 BY AKIHIRO KARAKI
Bahasa merupakan alat komunikasi yang berfungsi untuk menyampaikan pesan dari suatu individu ke individu lain. Kegiatan komunikasi menggunakan bahasa pada dasarnya terjadi antara penutur dan lawan tutur. Penutur memiliki peran sebagai penyampai pesan, sedangkan lawan tutur menangkap maksud dari penutur tersebut dan memberikan umpan balik. Dalam menyampaikan maksud perintah, penutur tidak hanya menggunakan kalimat imperatif saja, tetapi struktur kalimat deklaratif dan interogatif juga sering digunakan dalam menyatakan makna imperatif, termasuk perintah, permohonan, ajakan, atau larangan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan kalimat imperatif dalam drama "Cool Boys Only High" episode 1-2 karya Akihiro Karaki. Drama ini dipilih karena merupakan representasi dari karya sastra Jepang kontemporer yang populer di kalangan remaja. Pada dasarnya, kalimat imperatif adalah jenis kalimat yang digunakan untuk memberikan instruksi, perintah, atau permintaan kepada orang lain. Dalam konteks drama, penggunaan kalimat imperatif memiliki peran penting dalam menggambarkan karakter dan membangun alur cerita. Oleh karena itu, analisis ini akan melibatkan identifikasi dan deskripsi penggunaan kalimat imperatif dalam dialog antar karakter.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui pengumpulan teks drama "Cool Boys Only High" episode 1-2 dan analisis mendalam dilakukan terhadap setiap dialog yang mengandung kalimat imperatif. Selanjutnya, pada penelitian ini terdapat 2 rumusan masalah yaitu, bentuk kalimat imperatif langsung yang terdapat pada percakapan dalam drama Cool Boys Only High episode 1-2. Dan makna kalimat imperatif dalam percakapan dalam drama Cool Boys Only High episode 1-2.
Teori yang digunakan dalam menjawab rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teori Makino dan Tsutsui (1996:70) dimana dalam bahasa Jepang penggunaan kalimat imperatif langsung dibagi menjadi 4 jenis berdasarkan makna, yaitu terdiri dari命令 (meirei) atau yang bermakna kalimat imperatif perintah, 依頼 (irai) yang berarti permohonan, kemudian kalimat imperatif ajakan atau 勧誘 (kanyuu), 禁止 (kinshi) bermakna larangan. Kemudian teori kalimat imperatif tidak langsung oleh Rahardi (2006:134-148). Yang dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu kalimat imperatif dengan struktur Deklaratif dan kalimat imperatif dengan struktur Interogatif. Masing-masing juga terbagi menjadi 4 bentuk yaitu, perintah, permohonan, ajakan, dan larangan.
Bahasa is a communication tool used to convey messages from one individual to another. The act of communication using language typically occurs between a speaker and a listener. The speaker plays the role of the message sender, while the listener captures the speaker's intent and provides feedback. When conveying commands, the speaker not only employs imperative sentences but also frequently uses declarative and interrogative sentence structures to express imperative meanings, including commands, requests, invitations, or prohibitions.
This research aims to analyze the use of imperative sentences in the drama "Cool Boys Only High" episodes 1-2, written by Akihiro Karaki. The drama is chosen as it represents popular contemporary Japanese literature among teenagers. Imperative sentences are fundamentally a type of sentence used to give instructions, commands, or requests to others. In the context of the drama, the use of imperative sentences plays a crucial role in character portrayal and plot development. Therefore, this analysis involves identifying and describing the use of imperative sentences in the dialogue between characters.
The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The research data is obtained through collecting the text of the drama "Cool Boys Only High" episodes 1-2, and an in-depth analysis is conducted on each dialogue containing imperative sentences. The research includes two problem formulations: the direct imperative sentence forms found in the conversations in "Cool Boys Only High" episodes 1-2, and the meanings of imperative sentences in the conversations.
The theory used to address these research problems relies on Makino and Tsutsui's (1996:70) classification of direct imperative sentences in Japanese into four types based on meaning. These include 命令 (meirei) for imperative command sentences, 依頼 (irai) for requests, 勧誘 (kanyuu) for invitations, and 禁止 (kinshi) for prohibitions. Additionally, the theory of indirect imperative sentences by Rahardi (2006:134-148) is used, which divides them into two structures: imperative sentences with declarative structure and imperative sentences with interrogative structure. Each of these is further divided into four forms: commands, requests, invitations, and prohibitions.
The research findings indicate that imperative sentences in the drama "Cool Boys Only High" episodes 1-2, written by Akihiro Karaki, are categorized as direct imperative sentences with 30 instances. Among these, 17 instances are imperative command sentences (命令 meirei) with patterns of V Group 1 verbs ending in え e and V Group 2 verbs ending in ろ ro (spoken form) or よ yo (written form). Additionally, there are sentences using the pattern V ます形 masu kei (removing ます masu) + なさい nasai. Furthermore, there are 4 instances of imperative invitation sentences (勧誘 kanyuu) found, using the pattern V ます形 masu kei (removing ます masu) + ましょう mashou. As for imperative request sentences (依頼 irai), there are 8 instances, employing patterns such as V て te + ください kudasai・くれ kure, and V て形 te kei. Lastly, there is one instance of imperative prohibition sentence (禁止 kinshi) found, which uses the pattern V negative + でください de kudasai・ないで nai de. For indirect imperative sentences expressed in declarative sentence structures, there are 36 instances, and 15 instances in interrogative sentence structures.