ANALISIS YURIDIS TERHADAP PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI 2/PUU-XIX/2021 BAGI PENERIMA JAMINAN FIDUSIA (KREDITUR)

JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT'S DECISION 2/PUU-XIX/2021 FOR FIDUCIARY GUARANTEE RECIPIENTS (CREDITORS)

Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia Nomor 2/PUU-XIX/2021 merupakan putusan untuk memutus perkara jaminan fidusia. Semua keputusan peradilan harus membawa dampak hukum untuk berbagai pihak. Tujuan penelitian hukum untuk mengetahui bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi RI No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021 dan akibat hukum terhadap penerima hak fidusia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan mempergunakan metode penelitian normatif di mana data primer sebagai sumber informasi utama dan data sekunder digunakan sebagai data pendukung. Metode berfikir kualitatif digunakan untuk menarik kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa PMK No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 dan PMK No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021 mengurangi perlindungan hak-hak kreditur. Pengurangan hak dapat diketahui karena pengertian cidera janji atau wanprestasi telah berubah, maka proses eksekusi tidak dapat segera dilakukan oleh kreditur sehingga mengganggu siklus ekonomi kreditur karena kedudukan obyek jaminan fidusia di tangan debitur dan membuka kemungkinan terjadinya perselisihan di antara para pihak debitur dan kreditur. Kedua, PMK No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 dan PMK No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021 tidak mengatur mengenai kepastian hukum bagi kreditur mengenai tata cara pelaksanaan jaminan fidusia dan mempersulit kreditur untuk melaksanakan jaminan fidusia. Kemudian, adanya ketidakjelasan mengenai yang dijanjikan, yang memperlambat proses eksekusi objek jaminan fidusia. Oleh karena itu, keputusan ini hanya menguntungkan satu pihak, yaitu debitur. Mahkamah Konstitusi harus mengambil keputusan yang menjamin keadilan bagi semua pihak. Mahkamah Konstitusi harus memahami putusan dan putusan dengan isi dan susunan kata yang jelas, agar tidak membedakan perbedaan.

The decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2/PUU-XIX/2021 is a decision to decide cases of fiduciary guarantees. All judicial decisions must have legal implications for various parties. The purpose of legal research is to find out how the judges' considerations in the decision of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021 and the legal consequences for the recipient of fiduciary rights. This research was carried out using a normative technique in which primary data was used as the main source of information and secondary data was used as supporting data. Qualitative thinking method is used to draw conclusions in this study. The results of this study indicate that PMK No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 and PMK No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021 reduces the protection of creditors' rights. The reduction in rights can be known because the definition of breach of contract or default has changed, so the execution process cannot be carried out immediately by the creditor so that it disrupts the creditor's economic cycle because the position of the object of the fiduciary guarantee is in the hands of the debtor and opens the possibility of disputes between the debtor and creditor parties. Second, PMK No. 18/PUU-XVII/2019 and PMK No. 2/PUU-XIX/2021 does not regulate legal certainty for creditors regarding procedures for implementing fiduciary guarantees and makes it difficult for creditors to implement fiduciary guarantees. Then, there is uncertainty about what is promised, which slows down the execution process of the fiduciary guarantee object. Therefore, this decision only benefits one party, namely the debtor. The Constitutional Court must make decisions that guarantee justice for all parties. The Constitutional Court must understand decisions and decisions with clear content and wording, so as not to distinguish differences.