PERAN LEMBAGA ADAT DALAM PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK ANTARA PENDUDUK SETEMPAT DAN PENDATANG DI DESA ADAT KESIMAN DENPASAR

THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN RESOLVING CONFLICTS BETWEEN LOCAL RESIDENTS AND NEWCOMERS IN KESIMAN VILLAGE, DENPASAR

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penyebab, dampak, serta peran lembaga adat dalam penyelesaian konflik antara warga lokal dan pendatang di Desa Adat Kesiman. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan perspektif Lewis A. Coser karena bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena sosial. Pengambilan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Subjek dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan status sebagai warga lokal atau pendatang yang telah menetap minimal satu tahun, keterlibatan dalam aktivitas sosial dan adat, serta pengalaman berinteraksi dalam situasi konflik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik dipicu oleh dua kategori utama. Konflik realistis muncul akibat pelanggaran aturan adat seperti kebisingan malam, aktivitas yang dianggap mengganggu, dan ketidakhadiran dalam kegiatan banjar. Sementara itu, konflik non realistis berakar pada prasangka, stereotip, dan perbedaan cara pandang terhadap norma yang berlaku. Konflik ini berdampak pada meningkatnya solidaritas internal warga lokal, namun menimbulkan rasa tidak nyaman pada pendatang karena merasa ii diawasi dan dibatasi dalam aktivitas sehari-hari. Lembaga adat berperan sebagai pengendali melalui mekanisme teguran bertahap, pemantauan pecalang, dan mediasi dalam paruman. Meskipun efektif meredam konflik, peran ini memiliki keterbatasan karena minimnya sosialisasi aturan kepada pendatang dan posisi mereka yang berada di luar struktur adat. Kondisi ini membuat stabilitas sosial tampak terjaga, tetapi hubungan antar kelompok tetap berjarak. 

This study aims to analyze the causes, impacts, and the role of customary institutions in resolving conflicts between local residents and migrants in the Kesiman Customary Village. The research employs a qualitative approach using the perspective of Lewis A. Coser, as it seeks to understand social phenomena. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The research subjects were selected using purposive sampling based on their status as local residents or migrants who had lived in the village for at least one year, their involvement in social and customary activities, and their experience interacting in conflict situations. The results indicate that the conflicts are triggered by two main categories. Realistic conflicts arise from violations of customary rules, such as nighttime noise, activities considered disruptive, and absence from banjar activities. Meanwhile, non-realistic conflicts stem from prejudice, stereotypes, and differing perspectives on prevailing norms. These conflicts have led to increased internal solidarity among local residents, but have also created discomfort among migrants, who feel monitored and restricted in their daily activities. Customary institutions play a controlling role through mechanisms of graduated warnings, monitoring by pecalang, and mediation in paruman meetings. Although these roles are effective in iv mitigating conflict, they have limitations due to the lack of socialization of customary rules to migrants and the migrants’ position outside the customary structure. As a result, social stability appears to be maintained, but intergroup relationships remain distant.