ABSTRAK
Penelitian berjudul “Tindak Tutur Ekspresif dalam Film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo: Kajian Sosiopragmatik” dilatarbelakangi oleh (1) penelitian mengenai tindak tutur ekspresif yang dikaitkan dengan leksikon emosi dasar dalam film masih jarang dilakukan oleh peneliti lain dan (2) pentingnya pengembangan dan penggunaan tuturan ekspresif dalam pembelajaran drama di sekolah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukanlah sebuah penelitian mengenai leksikon emosi dasar dalam tuturan ekspresif dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo, (2) mendeskripsikan fungsi tindak tutur ekspresif dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo, dan (3) mendeskripsikan jenis tuturan ekspresif dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo.
Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa kutipan-kutipan dialog yang termasuk tindak tutur ekspresif dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simak bebas libat cakap sebagai teknik utama dan teknik catat sebagai teknik lanjutan. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode padan ekstralingual. Data tersebut dianalisis berdasarkan rumusan masalah dan kemudian dideskripsikan dalam bentuk penjelasan atas hasil analisis. Hasil analisis tersebut kemudian dibuat sebuah simpulan.
Hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pertama, ditemukan empat bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo. Keempat bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif tersebut yaitu (1) tindak tutur langsung literal, (2) tindak tutur langsung nonliteral, (3) tindak tutur tidak langsung literal, (4) tindak tutur tidak langsung nonliteral. Kedua, Keempat bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif tersebut memiliki fungsi yang beragam meliputi mengucapkan terima kasih, mengucapkan selamat, mengucapkan permintaan maaf, mengungkapkan simpati, mengungkapkan kemarahan, dan mengucapkan salam. Ketiga, ditemukan berbagai tuturan ekspresif berupa leksikon yang digunakan oleh penutur dalam mengekspresikan emosi dasar penutur meliputi emosi dasar amarah, kesedihan, rasa takut, kenikmatan, cinta, dan jengkel.
Berdasarkan analisis dalam hasil penelitian tersebut ditemukan bahwa (1) bentuk tindak tutur ekspresif langsung literal dominan dan adanya stratifikasi penggunaan leksikon emosi dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo, (2) terdapat 22 jenis varian fungsi tuturan ekspresif yang terdapat dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo, (3) tuturan ekspresif berupa leksikon emosi dasar amarah mendominasi dalam film “Kartini” karya Hanung Bramantyo, dan (4) adanya relevansi antara leksikon emosi yang dianalisis oleh peneliti dengan pembelajaran drama di SMP dan SMA.
Kata kunci: Tindak Tutur Ekspresif, Leksikon Emosi, dan Sosiopragmatik
ABSTRACT
This research title is "Expressive Speech Act on “Kartini” Film by Hanung Bramantyo: A Sociopragmatic Study" motivated by (1) limited research about expressive speech act related with basic emotional lexicons in films by other researchers and (2) the importance of developing and using expressive speech act in drama learning at school. Therefore, this study was conducted on basic emotional lexicons in the expressive speech in the “Kartini” film by Hanung Bramantyo.
This study aims to (1) describe the form of expressive speech acts in Kartini's film by Hanung Bramantyo, (2) describe the functions of expressive speech acts in Kartini's film by Hanung Bramantyo, and (3) describe the types of expressive speech in Kartini's films by Hanung Bramantyo.
This study is qualitative descriptive study. The data in this study will be a form of quotations from dialogues which included expressive speeches in the “Kartini” film by Hanung Bramantyo. The data collection technique in this study are recorded technique as the main technique and skillful free-reference technique as an advanced technique. The method of data analysis in this study is extra lingual equivalent method. The data will be analyzed based on the formula of the problem and it will be described in the form of an explanation of the results of the analysis. The results of the analysis will be a conclusion.
The results of this study showed that first, four expressive speech acts were found in the “Kartini” film by Hanung Bramantyo. The four forms of expressive speech act is (1) literal direct speech act, (2) nonliteral direct speech act, (3) literal indirect speech act, (4) nonliteral indirect speech act. Second, the four forms of expressive speech act have diverse functions including saying thank you, congratulating, apologizing, expressing sympathy, expressing anger, and saying regards. Third, found a variety of lexicon used by the speaker in expressing the basic emotions of the speaker including the basic emotions of anger, sadness, fear, pleasure, love, and annoyance.
Based on the analysis in the results of the study it was found that (1) Form of literal direct expressive speech act is dominated and the stratification of the use of emotional lexicons in the Kartini’s film by Hanung Bramantyo (2) there are 22 types of variants of expressive speech functions contained in the “Kartini” film by Hanung Bramantyo, (3) expressive speech have the form of emotional lexicon based on anger is dominated in Kartini's film by Hanung Bramantyo, and (4) the relevance between emotional lexicons analyzed by researchers with drama learning in junior and senior high school.
Key words: Expressive Speech Acts, Lexicon Emotions, and Sociopragmatic