Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terstruktur untuk Meningkatkan keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP

Application of Structured Inquiry Learning Models to Improve Junior High School Students' Critical Thinking Skills

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, mendeskripsikan peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa, dan mendeskripsikan respon siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Inkuiri Terstruktur pada sub materi tekanan zat cair. Desain pra-eksperimen dengan One Group Pretest- Posttest Design digunakan dalam jenis penelitian ini. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan yaitu siswa salah satu SMP Negeri di Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa instrumen berupa lembar observasi pelaksanaan pembelajaran, lembar tes, dan lembar angket yang kemudian dianalisis dengan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran memperoleh kriteria sangat baik dengan modus 4. Uji normalitas, uji t-berpasangan, N-Gain digunakan dalam analisis data penelitian. Hasil uji standar signifikan diperoleh nilai sebesar 0,122 yang berarti data berdistribusi normal. Uji t-berpasangan menghasilkan nilai Sig. sebesar 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan setelah diberikan perlakuan berupa model pembelajaran Inkuiri Terstruktur. Peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa juga dapat diketahui dari hasil N- Gain pada setiap indikator keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan diperoleh skor sebesar 0,81 (tinggi), 0,77 (tinggi), 0,91 (tinggi), 0,76 (tinggi) dan 0,84 (tinggi). Respon positif diberikan siswa terhadap penerapan model pembelajaran ini dengan diperoleh nilai rata- rata sebesar 93,81% dan kriterianya sangat tinggi. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dapat meningkat setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Inkuiri Terstruktur.

Kata kunci : Inkuiri Terstruktur, keterampilan berpikir kritis, tekanan zat cair

The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of learning, describe the improvement of students' critical thinking skills, and describe student responses after the application of the Structured Inquiry learning model to the sub-material of fluid pressure. Pre-experimental design with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design was used in this type of research. The research subjects used were students of one of the public junior high schools in Surabaya. This study used several instruments in the form of learning implementation observation sheets, test sheets, and questionnaire sheets which were then analyzed by quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the implementation of learning obtained very good criteria with mode 4. Normality test, paired t-test, N-Gain were used in the analysis of research data. The result of the standard test is significant, the value is 0.122, which means the data is normally distributed. Paired t-test produces a Sig value. of 0.000 <0.05, which means that there is a significant difference after being given treatment in the form of a structured inquiry learning model. The improvement of students' critical thinking skills can also be seen from the N-Gain results on each critical thinking skill indicator with a score of 0.81 (high), 0.77 (high), 0.91 (high), 0.76 (high). and 0.84 (high). Positive responses were given by students to the application of this learning model with an average score of 93.81% and the criteria were very high. These results indicate that students' critical thinking skills can improve after the Structured Inquiry learning model is applied.

Keywords: Structured Inquiry, critical thinking skills, fluid pressure