PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN CHATBOT BERBASIS STEAM-ESD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS PESERTA DIDIK SMA

Development of STEAM-ESD Based Chatbot Learning Devices to Improve Science Literacy of High School Students

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran chatbot berbasis STEAM-ESD yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk melatih keterampilan literasi sains peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) dengan one group pretest – posttest design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada kelas XII SMAN 1 Pademawu, Pamekasan selama bulan agustus sampai oktober tahun ajaran 2025/2026, dengan jumlah 28 siswa untuk uji coba terbatas dan 52 siswa untuk uji coba luas. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode validasi oleh tiga orang ahli, observasi oleh dua orang pengamat, tes keterampilan literasi sains sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran, serta angket respons siswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis validitas dan reabilitas, analisis kepraktisan menggunakan lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, analisis keefektifan menggunakan uji wilcoxon dan uji Mann U Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan tergolong dalam kategori sangat valid, dengan skor validitas mencapai ≥ 61%, serta memenuhi kriteria reliabel berdasarkan nilai percentage of agreement (PA) yang berada pada skor ≥ 75%. Kepraktisan perangkat pembelajaran dinyatakan praktis dengan nilai yang diperoleh mencapai 100%. Keefektifan perangkat pembelajaran ditinjau dari perolehan rata-rata N-Gain yang sebagian besar berada pada kategori sedang hingga tinggi, serta hasil uji Wilcoxon dan uji Mann U Test menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pretest dan posttest. Untuk semua indikator literasi sains berkategori N-Gain tinggi sampai sedang dengan nilai tertinggi 0,7 dan terendah 0,59. Respons peserta didik terhadap pelaksanaan dan perangkat pembelajaran memperoleh persentase dalam rentang 61% ≤ x ≤ 100%, yang termasuk dalam kategori positif hingga sangat positif.

Kata Kunci : Chatbot, STEAM-ESD, Literasi sains, Bioteknologi.

The purpose of this study to produce a valid, practical, and effective STEAM-ESD-based chatbot learning device to train students' scientific literacy skills. This study uses the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) research model with a one-group pretest-posttest design. This study was conducted on grade XII students of SMAN 1 Pademawu, Pamekasan during August to October of the 2025/2026 academic year, with a total of 28 students for a limited trial and 52 students for a broad trial. Data collection used a validation method by three experts, observation by two observers, scientific literacy skills tests before and after learning, and student response questionnaires. Data analysis techniques used were validity and reliability analysis, practicality analysis using a learning implementation sheet, effectiveness analysis using the Wilcoxon test and the Mann U Test. The results of the study indicate that the developed learning device is classified as very valid, with a validity score reaching ≥ 61%, and meets the reliable criteria based on the percentage of agreement (PA) value which is at a score of ≥ 75%. The practicality of the learning device is stated as practical based on the observation of the implementation of learning with the value obtained reaching 100%. The effectiveness of the learning device is reviewed from the average N-Gain acquisition which is mostly in the moderate to high category, and the results of the Wilcoxon test and the Mann U Test show that there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest results. For all indicators of scientific literacy, the N-Gain is categorized as high to moderate with the highest value of 0.7 and the lowest of 0.59. Students' responses to the implementation and learning device obtained a percentage in the range of 61% ≤ x ≤ 100%, which is included in the positive to very positive category.

Keywords: Chatbot, STEAM-ESD, Science literacy, Biotechnology.