STUDI KASUS IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM SATUAN PENDIDIKAN PENYELENGGARA-SISTEM KREDIT SEMESTER (SPP-SKS) DI SMP NEGERI 1 KRIAN
Inovasi pelayanan pendidikan diperlukan akibat tuntutan zaman, dimana proses pembelajaran harus mengarah pada perkembangan diri peserta didik. Model kurikulum yang sesuai dengan inovasi pelayanan pendidikan ini adalah kurikulum 2013 sebab berfokus pada pengembangan aspek kognitif, psikomotorik, dan afektif yang dimiliki peserta didik.Sistem pembelajaran konvensional (sistem paket) yang menyamaratakan kemampuan seluruh peserta didik dalam satu sekolah tidak dapat memberikan kebebasan maupun kesempatan untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik. Sekolah seyogyanya memfasilitasi dalam membuat layanan yang mengedepankan unsur kesamarataan bagi semua peserta didiknya dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran sebagaimana telah diatur dan dijelaskan oleh UU No. 20 tahun 2003 tentang SISDIKNAS pada pasal 12 ayat 1 terkait hak-hak yang didapatkan peserta didik selama menempuh pendidikan. Sehingga munculah inovasi pembelajaran yaitu program Satuan Pendidikan Penyelenggara-Sistem Kredit Semester (SPP-SKS).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan menelaah: (1) Perencanaan program SPP-SKS di SMPN 1 Krian; (2) Pelaksanaan program SPP-SKS di SMPN 1 Krian; (3) Evaluasi program SPP-SKS di SMPN 1 Krian; (4) Aktor (pelaksana) yang berperan dalam penerapan program SPP-SKS di SMPN 1 Krian. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian studi kasus, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi. Metode analisis data menggunakan model interaktif milik Miles, dkk. Dan untuk memastikan keabsahan data tersebut diuji menggunakan uji kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependabilitas, dan confirmabilitas.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Perencanaan program SPP-SKS dilakukan atas dua hal yakni perencanaan pada penerapan program di sekolah dan perencanaan proses pembelajaran dengan sistem SPP-SKS; (2) Pelaksanaan program SPP-SKS diselenggarakan dengan memfasilitasi proses pembelajaran peserta didik berdasarkan potensi, bakat, minat, dan kecepatan belajar masing-masing peserta didik melalui berbagai aktivitas yang membangun kemandirian dan kreatifitas anak. Program SPP-SKS yang diselenggarakan di SMPN 1 Krian menggunakan sistem semi paket; (3) Evaluasi program SPP-SKS dilaksanakan untuk melihat ketercapaian tujuan atau hambatan yang di alami dari keseluruhan penyelenggaraan program; (4) Aktor (pelaksana) yang berperan dalam penerapan program SPP-SKS saling bekerja sama dalam memainkan perannya terdiri atas aktor internal dan aktor eksternal sekolah. Adapun aktor internal sekolah meliputi (Waka Kurikulum, Koordinator SPP-SKS, Wali Kelas, Guru pengajar, BK) dan aktor eksternal meliputi (Orang tua peserta didik dan Komite sekolah).
Kata Kunci: Satuan Pendidikan Penyelenggara-Sistem Kredit Semester, Kurikulum 2013, Pembelajaran Konvensional
Educational service innovation is needed due to the demands of the times, where the learning process must lead to students' self-development. Following this academic service innovation, the curriculum model is the 2013 curriculum because it focuses on developing students' cognitive, psychomotor, and affective aspects. The conventional learning system (package system), which generalizes the abilities of all students in one school, cannot provide freedom or opportunity. To develop the potential of students. Schools should facilitate making services that prioritize equality for all students in carrying out learning as regulated and explained by Law no. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System in Article 12 paragraph 1 related to the rights that students get during their education. Thus, a learning innovation emerged, namely the Semester Credit System Organizing Education Unit (SPP-SKS) program.
The purpose of this study is to understand and analyze: (1) SPP-SKS program planning at SMPN 1 Krian; (2) Implementation of the SPP-SKS program at SMPN 1 Krian; (3) Evaluation of the SPP-SKS program at SMPN 1 Krian; (4) Actors (implementer) who play a role in implementing the SPP-SKS program at SMPN 1 Krian. The approach used is a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study research design, with data collection techniques, namely interviews, observation and documentation studies. The data analysis method uses an interactive model belonging to Miles et al. To ensure the validity of the data, it is tested using a credibility test, transferability test, dependability test, and confirmability tests.
The results of this study indicate that: (1) the planning of the SPP-SKS program was carried out in two ways, namely planning the implementation of the program in schools and planning the learning process with the SPP-SKS system; (2) The implementation of the SPP-SKS program is carried out by facilitating the learning process of students based on the potential, talents, interests, and learning speed of each student through various activities that build children's independence and creativity. The SPP-SKS program held at SMPN 1 Krian uses a semi-package system; (3) Evaluation of the SPP-SKS program is carried out to see the achievement of goals or obstacles experienced from the overall program implementation; (4) Actors who play a role in implementing the SPP-SKS program consist of internal actors and external school actors who work together in playing their roles. The internal actors of the school include (Waka Curriculum, SPP-SKS Coordinator, Homeroom Teacher, Teaching Teacher, BK) and external actors have (Parents of students and School committees).
Keywords: Education Unit Organizer-Semester Credit System, 2013 Curriculum, Learning Conventional