Tari Mayang Rontek di Kabupaten Mojokerto Tahun 1993-2019
Mayang Rontek Dance in Mojokerto Regency in 1993-2019
Tari Mayang Rontek memiliki keterkaitan dengan akulturasi budaya di Kabupaten Mojokerto, namun belum ditemukan penelitian yang membahas tentang akulturasi budaya pada busana Tari Mayang Rontek. Pencipta Tari Mayang Rontek berjasa dalam menciptakan Tari Mayang Rontek, pencipta Tari Mayang Rontek memiliki peran dalam melestarikan Tari Mayang Rontek di Kabupaten Mojokerto selain berjasa dalam menciptakan Tari Mayang Rontek. Penelitian ini memiliki rumusan masalah, yaitu (1) Bagaimana latar belakang terciptanya Tari Mayang Rontek di Kabupaten Mojokerto? (2) Bagaimana akulturasi budaya pada busana Tari Mayang Rontek di Kabupaten Mojokerto? (3) Apakah busana Tari Mayang Rontek mengalami modifikasi? (4) Bagaimana peran seniman, pemerintah, dan masyarakat dalam melestarikan Tari Mayang Rontek di Kabupaten Mojokerto tahun 1993-2019?. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi.
Terciptanya Tari Mayang Rontek didasari tujuan agar Kabupaten Mojokerto memiliki seni tari khas Kabupaten Mojokerto sebagai representasi budaya Mojokerto yang diadaptasi dari prosesi Pengantin Mojoputri, serta disesuaikan dengan kondisi masyarakat Kabupaten Mojokerto yang mayoritas beragama Islam. Akulturasi budaya pada busana Tari Mayang Rontek merupakan hasil adaptasi busana Pengantin Mojoputri disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pertunjukan seni tari sebagai cerminan perpaduan budaya Jawa dan budaya Islam. Busana Tari Mayang Rontek mengalami modifikasi ditinjau berdasarkan penampilan busana dan aksesori penari Mayang Rontek pada beberapa acara Tari Mayang Rontek di Kabupaten Mojokerto tahun 2015 dan 2019. Pencipta Tari Mayang Rontek berperan sebagai pendiri sanggar Tari Mayang Rontek di Kabupaten Mojokerto. Penari Mayang Rontek berperan sebagai agen transmisi budaya yang menghidupkan Tari Mayang Rontek sebagai identitas budaya Kabupaten Mojokerto. Pemerintah Kabupaten Mojokerto berperan menggali dan mengembangkan kesenian daerah melalui penyelenggaraan festival Tari Mayang Rontek untuk menanamkan minat bidang budaya bagi pelajar melalui festival tari. Masyarakat Desa Lakardowo berperan menyelenggarakan Festival Tari Mayang Rontek dalam Pesta Rakyat Agustusan untuk menanamkan kegiatan positif pada masyarakat serta sebagai ajang mempererat silaturahmi di antara masyarakat Desa Lakardowo.
Kata Kunci: Tari Mayang Rontek, Akulturasi Budaya, Modifikasi, Peran Pencipta Tari
Mayang Rontek Dance is related to cultural acculturation in Mojokerto Regency, but no research has yet been found discussing cultural acculturation in the costumes of Tari Mayang Rontek. The creator of the Mayang Rontek Dance contributed to its creation and also plays a role in preserving the Mayang Rontek Dance in Mojokerto Regency, in addition to having contributed to its creation. This research has formulated the following problem statement: (1) What is the background of the creation of the Mayang Rontek Dance in Mojokerto Regency? (2) How is the cultural acculturation in the costumes of the Mayang Rontek Dance in Mojokerto Regency? (3) Has the costume of the Mayang Rontek Dance undergone modifications? (4) What was the role of artists, the government, and the community in preserving the Mayang Rontek dance in Mojokerto Regency from 1993 to 2019? The method used in this research is the historical research method, which consists of four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography.
The creation of the Mayang Rontek Dance was based on the goal of having a distinctive dance art in Mojokerto Regency as a representation of Mojokerto's culture, adapted from the Mojoputri Wedding procession, and adjusted to the conditions of the predominantly Muslim community in Mojokerto Regency.The cultural acculturation in the costumes of the Mayang Rontek dance is the result of adapting the Mojoputri bride's attire to meet the needs of the dance performances, reflecting the blend of Javanese and Islamic cultures.The costumes of the Mayang Rontek Dance underwent modifications based on the appearance of the costumes and accessories of the Mayang Rontek dancers at several Mayang Rontek Dance events in Mojokerto Regency in 2015 and 2019. The creator of the Mayang Rontek dance serves as the founder of the Mayang Rontek dance studio in Mojokerto Regency.The Mayang Rontek dancers serve as cultural transmission agents, revitalizing the Mayang Rontek dance as the cultural identity of Mojokerto Regency.The Mojokerto Regency Government plays a role in exploring and developing regional arts through the organization of the Mayang Rontek Dance Festival to instill an interest in cultural fields among students through the dance festival.The people of Lakardowo Village play a role in organizing the Mayang Rontek Dance Festival during the August People's Festival to instill positive activities in the community and as a means to strengthen social ties among the residents of Lakardowo Village.
Keywords: Mayang Rontek Dance, Cultural Acculturation, Modification, The Role of Dance Creators