Keefektifan Teknik Motivational Interviewing Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Berprestasi Peserta Didik SMP Korban Bullying

The Effectiveness Of Motivational Interviewing Techniques To Increase Achievement Motivation Of SMP Students Who Are Victims Of Bullying  

Fenomena bullying yang masih terjadi di lingkungan sekolah, memberikan dampak pada korban bullying. Salah satu dampak yang dialami korban bullying adalah dapat mempengaruhi pada penilaian akademiknya, tak terkecuali pada kondisi motivasi berprestasinya yang menurun. Motivasi berprestasi dapat ditingkatkan melalui konseling kelompok motivational interviewing. Motivational interviewing merupakan  sebuah bentuk panduan yang berpusat pada pribadi untuk memperoleh dan memperkuat motivasi untuk melakukan perubahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji keefektifan teknik motivational interviewing untuk meningkatkan motivasi berprestasi peserta didik korban bullying. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan bentuk pretest posttest control group design. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa skala motivasi berprestasi korban bullying. Penentuan subjek penelitian dipilih berdasarkan hasil pengisian skala motivasi berprestasi korban bullying yang masuk dalam kategori rendah. Subjek nya adalah peserta didik kelas VIII SMPN 28 Surabaya. Hasil data dianalisis melalui uji mann whitney . Untuk mengetahui tingkat keefektifan teknik yang digunakan dilakukan uji N-gain. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan distribusi skor pada kelompok eksperimen lebih besar  secara statistik dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol setelah pemberian teknik motivational interviewing untuk meningkatkan motivasi berprestasi peserta didik korban bullying. Berdasarkan hasil uji N-gain diperoleh hasil bahwa kelompok eksperimen dengan penggunaan teknik motivational interviewing masuk pada kategori cukup efektif dibandingkan dengan kelompok konrol yang menggunakan konseling realita. Kesimpulannya teknik motivational interviewing terbukti cukup efektif untuk meningkatkan motivasi berprestasi peserta didik korban bullying.

Kata kunci : Korban bullying, motivasi berprestasi, teknik motivational interviewing

The phenomenon of bullying that still occurs in the school environment has an impact on victims of bullying. One of the impacts experienced by victims of bullying is that it can affect their academic assessment, including the condition of their achievement motivation which decreases. Achievement motivation can be improved through motivational interviewing group counseling. Motivational interviewing is a form of person-centered guidance to obtain and strengthen motivation to make changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of motivational interviewing techniques to increase the achievement motivation of students who are victims of bullying. This research design is experimental research with a pretest posttest control group design. Data collection uses a research instrument in the form of a bullying victim's achievement motivation scale. The determination of research subjects was chosen based on the results of filling out the achievement motivation scale of victims of bullying who were in the low category. The subjects were students of class VIII SMPN 28 Surabaya. The data results were analyzed through mann whitney test. To determine the effectiveness of the technique used, the N-gain test was conducted. The results of this study indicate that there is a statistically greater difference in the distribution of scores in the experimental group compared to the control group after providing motivational interviewing techniques to increase achievement motivation of students who are victims of bullying. Based on the results of the N-gain test, it was found that the experimental group with the use of motivational interviewing techniques entered the category quite effective compared to the control group using reality counseling. In conclusion, motivational interviewing techniques have proven to be quite effective in increasing the achievement motivation of students who are victims of bullying.

Keywords: Victims of bullying, achievement motivation, motivational interviewing technique.