Analisis Kepatuhan Syariah dalam Komisi Shopee Affiliate Program Berdasarkan Tinjauan Fiqh Muamalah
Sharia Compliance Analysis in the Shopee Affiliate Program Commission Based on the Review of Fiqh Muamalah
Perkembangan ekonomi digital telah mendorong pertumbuhan pesat e-commerce, termasuk program afiliasi yang menjanjikan pengguna memperoleh komisi melalui promosi produk. Shopee Affiliate Program menjadi salah satu program afiliasi yang paling populer di Indonesia dengan menawarkan komisi dari setiap penjualan hingga sampel produk gratis. Meskipun memberikan peluang penghasilan tambahan, program ini menimbulkan keraguan dikalangan pengguna muslim terkait penerimaan komisi tersebut. Ditengah meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat muslim untuk menjalankan aktivitas ekonomi berbasis syariah, diperlukan analisis mengenai kesesuaian sistem komisi Shopee Affiliate Program dengan ketentuan fiqh muamalah untuk memberikan kepastian hukum bagi pengguna muslim. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui mekanisme praktik Shopee Affiliate Program, khususnya pada sistem pemberian komisi dan untuk menganalisis kepatuhan syariah dalam mekanisme komisi pada Shopee Affiliate Program berdasarkan pandangan fiqh muamalah. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mekanisme pemberian Komisi dalam Shopee Affiliate Program dilakukan setelah afiliator mendaftar, memilih produk, dan berhasil menghasilkan penjualan yang diselesaikan oleh pembeli. Komisi dibayarkan melalui Shopeepay atau rekening setelah pesanan diterima, dengan potongan pajak sesuai ketentuan. Berdasarkan analisis fiqh muamalah, mekanisme ini memenuhi rukun dan syarat akad ju’alah, yaitu merchant sebagai ja’il, afiliator sebagai maj’ul, promosi sebagai ‘amal, dan komisi sebagai ju’l. Dengan demikian, komisi afiliasi ini dapat dianggap sah menurut akad Ju’alah selama afiliator mematuhi prinsip syari’ah, memastikan bahwa produk yang dipromosikan halal dan menjaga batasan syar’i dalam praktiknya.
The development of the digital economy has driven the rapid growth of e-commerce, including affiliate programs that promise users to earn commissions through product promotions. The Shopee Affiliate Program is one of the most popular affiliate programs in Indonesia by offering commissions from every sale to free product samples. Although it provides additional income opportunities, this program raises doubts among Muslim users regarding the receipt of the commission. Amid the increasing awareness of the Muslim community to carry out sharia-based economic activities, an analysis is needed regarding the suitability of the Shopee Affiliate Program commission system with the provisions of fiqh muamalah to provide legal certainty for Muslim users. The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanism of the Shopee Affiliate Program practice, especially in the commission system and to analyze sharia compliance in the commission mechanism on the Shopee Affiliate Program based on the views of fiqh muamalah. In this study, the author uses a type of field research using a descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that the mechanism for providing Commission in the Shopee Affiliate Program is carried out after the affiliate registers, selects a product, and successfully generates a sale completed by the buyer. The commission is paid via Shopeepay or account after the order is received, with tax deductions according to the provisions. Based on the analysis of fiqh muamalah, this mechanism fulfills the pillars and requirements of the ju'alah contract, namely the merchant as ja'il, the affiliate as maj'ul, the promotion as 'amal, and the commission as ju'l. Thus, this affiliate commission can be considered valid according to the Ju'alah contract as long as the affiliate complies with sharia principles, ensures that the promoted product is halal and maintains sharia limits in practice.