Development of a Problem-Based Learning-Based Learning Management System to Improve Learning Outcomes in the Programming Algorithms Element for Grade X Students at SMK Sejahtera Surabaya

Pembelajaran pada elemen Algoritma Pemrograman di SMK masih menghadapi kendala berupa penggunaan media pembelajaran digital yang belum terintegrasi, keterlibatan siswa yang belum optimal, dan hasil belajar yang masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan Learning Management System (LMS) berbasis Problem-Based Learning (PBL) serta mengetahui kelayakan dan efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMK Sejahtera Surabaya. Penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE dan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMK Sejahtera Surabaya dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas X yang terdiri atas kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui validasi ahli, tes hasil belajar, dan Short User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ-S), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis persentase, uji Mann-Whitney, dan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LMS memperoleh tingkat validitas sebesar 94,12% dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil UEQ-S menunjukkan pengalaman pengguna yang positif dengan kategori Good. Selain itu, hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,004 (<0,05), sedangkan rata-rata N-Gain kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,581 lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol sebesar 0,369. Dengan demikian, LMS berbasis PBL yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dan efektif meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada elemen Algoritma Pemrograman.

Learning in the Programming Algorithms element at vocational high schools still faces challenges, including the use of digital learning media that are not yet integrated, limited student engagement, and low learning outcomes. This study aimed to develop a Learning Management System (LMS) based on Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and to determine its feasibility and effectiveness in improving the learning outcomes of tenth-grade students at SMK Sejahtera Surabaya. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model and a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The research was conducted at SMK Sejahtera Surabaya with tenth-grade students as the research subjects, consisting of experimental and control classes. Data were collected through expert validation, learning achievement tests, and the Short User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ-S), and were analyzed using percentage analysis, the Mann–Whitney test, and N-Gain analysis. The results showed that the LMS achieved a validity score of 94.12%, indicating a highly valid category. The UEQ-S results also showed a positive user experience with a Good category. Furthermore, the Mann–Whitney test yielded a significance value of 0.004 (<0.05), while the average N-Gain score of the experimental class (0.581) was higher than that of the control class (0.369). Therefore, the developed PBL-based LMS is feasible for use and effective in improving students' learning outcomes in the Programming Algorithms element.