PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN FERGOMETA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN PESERTA DIDIK DISLEKSIA
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FERGOMETA APPROACH ON THE READING COMPREHENSION ABILITY OF DYSLEXIC STUDENTS
Nama : Jauharin Ni’ma
NIM : 21010044091
Progam Studi : S1 Pendidikan Luar Biasa
Fakultas : Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan
Nama lembaga : Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Pembimbing : Dr. Asri Wijiastuti, M.Pd
Kemampuan membaca merupakan keterampilan dasar yang berperan penting dalam perkembangan kognitif anak. Namun, peserta didik dengan disleksia sering mengalami kesulitan dalam membaca pemahaman, terutama dalam literasi sains yang memerlukan kemampuan membaca, menganalisis, dan menghubungkan teks dengan konsep ilmiah. Di SDN Wonokromo III Surabaya, ditemukan peserta didik kelas 2 yang mengalami kendala dalam memahami metamorfosis kupu-kupu. Pembelajaran yang masih bersifat ceramah dan media gambar kurang efektif bagi mereka karena tidak melibatkan aspek multisensori. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mengimplementasikan pendekatan Fergometa (Fernald-Gillingham Metamorphosis Approach) sebagai inovasi dalam pembelajaran membaca bagi peserta didik disleksia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest-posttest. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari enam peserta didik kelas 2 yang mengalami kesulitan membaca. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes membaca dan observasi, lalu dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Fergometa secara signifikan meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman peserta didik disleksia, terutama dalam kelancaran membaca, pengenalan kata, dan pemahaman isi bacaan. Kesimpulannya, pendekatan ini efektif sebaga strategi pembelajaran yang lebih inklusif dan adaptif bagi peserta didik disleksia.
Kata kunci : Fergometa, membaca pemahaman, dan disleksia.
Reading ability is a basic skill that plays an important role in children's cognitive development. However, students with dyslexia often have difficulty in reading comprehension, especially in science literacy which requires the ability to read, analyze, and connect texts with scientific concepts. At SDN Wonokromo III Surabaya, it was found that grade 2 students had difficulty understanding butterfly metamorphosis. Learning that is still in the form of lectures and picture media is less effective for them because it does not involve multisensory aspects. Therefore, this study implemented the Fergometa approach (Fernald-Gillingham Metamorphosis Approach) as an innovation in reading learning for dyslexic students. The research method used was pre-experiment with a one group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects consisted of six grade 2 students who had difficulty reading. Data were collected through reading tests and observations, then analyzed using statistical tests. The results showed that the Fergometa approach significantly improved the reading comprehension skills of dyslexic students, especially in reading fluency, word recognition, and understanding the contents of the reading. In conclusion, this approach is effective as a more inclusive and adaptive learning strategy for dyslexic learners.
Keywords: Fergometa, reading comprehension, and dyslexia.